This chapter provides a literature review on workplace ostracism in the context of workplace bullying. First, the context of ostracism in the workplace is conceptualized and distinguished from other phenomena (e.g. workplace deviance, incivility and bullying). A brief history of research on ostracism in the workplace and ways of measuring it are included. Second, a theoretical background is provided, and the most important models of ostracism as well as the outcomes of ostracizing and being ostracized (immediate responses, cognitive and behavioural strategies of coping, and the long-lasting outcomes of being rejected) are described. The M. Gamian-Wilk (*) Faculty in Wrocław,

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