No abstract

To ensure effective aeration of the biological wastewater treatment process, easy-to-operate and not too energy-intensive units are needed. Jet aerators have such capabilities. In this study, the authors searched for the best hole shape for the aeration nozzles. It was determined that a nozzle with an elongated hole has the largest size of the actively aerated zone. Experimental studies of nozzles of a diameter of 56 mm with nozzles of elongated shape showed that the best characteristics of mass transfer are provided by nozzles with a total area of holes of 356 mm2 at a flow rate of 10 … 12 m/s. For practical calculations, an equation was obtained for the dependence of the oxygen transfer coefficient KLa(20) on the complex criterion vn, and a method for calculating aeration units was developed, which is applicable for aerators with elongated holes.

The environmental problems of the road transport system in Tashkent are analyzed in the article. Particulate air pollution is one of the most serious problems. To reduce dust pollution in the air, it is proposed to create protective screens along highways from lianas. It was proposed to form screens from fragrant honeysuckle (Lonícera caprifólium) and ivy (Hedera helix), which are evergreen in the conditions of Tashkent. The study of the dust-absorbing capacity of the leaves of these plants showed that ivy leaves are the most dust-absorbing, capable of holding up to 1.64 mg of dust per 1 cm2 of the surface.

Achieving environmental sustainability of transport largely depends on the degree of use of urban land by transport infrastructure. The article studies the indicator “land use” in Tashkent to the target 2030. The following criteria were selected as assessment criteria: the area and degree of filling of public parking lots, the area of transport infrastructure enterprises, as well as the length of roads with two-sided landscaping. Evaluation of indicators was carried out using GIS, by processing satellite maps of Tashkent in the Quantum GIS program, as well as by monitoring online maps of the movement of automobile transport. It was revealed that the existing area of public parking is 33.4% of the required area, while the degree of use of existing parking is only 40-60%. Bilateral landscaping, have only 26.6% of roads. Trends in the development of the Tashkent transport system suggest mainly an increase in the number of private cars (an increase of 1.23 times by 2025), the pace of construction of parking lots and improvements in the road-street network are significantly behind (an increase in the area of parking lots by 1.06 times by 2025). In the current state of development, the stability of transport until 2030 according to the criterion of “land use” is not provided.

This study highlights the application of UV radiation for soil treatment with regard to agricultural plant growth intensification. The influence of the parameters of ultraviolet radiation (intensity and wavelength) on the value of the redox potential in the soil was quantified. The experimental tests carried out in soils, plants, seeds with ultraviolet radiation lamps for changing the accumulation of the most mobile nitrate forms of nitrogen were defined.