Terminology, traits, types, and trajectory of new product developmentThe purpose of this study is to present the terminology, traits, types, transformation, and trajectory of new product development (NPD) from an interdisciplinary perspective, compare the traditional and modern models, and analyse the side effects of NPD. A descriptive and, in some cases, chronological method is used for data analysis. Data has been gathered from more than a hundred credible literature and online sources. The subject matter is discussed in the context of marketing, engineering, strategy, management, and innovation in order to compile a typology and compare traditional and modern models, counter models, and side effects of NPD. Academic NPD literature has been around for only fifty years and is still relatively young. The study uncovers the transformations of new products and services throughout history, thereby revealing the secrets of a really productive NPD -this however, might not be enough, since the future is too fuzzy, complicated, multi-dimensional, and full of discontinuities.Keywords: new product development, new service development, typology, trajectory JEL classification: A12, M1, M31, O14, O32Tworzenie nowych produktów -terminologia, charakterystyka, typologia i oecie¿ka rozwojowa Celem niniejszej pracy jest przedstawienie z perspektywy interdyscyplinarnej terminologii, charakterystyki, typologii, przeobra¿eñ oraz oecie¿ki rozwojowej procesu tworzenia nowych produktów (NPD), porównanie tradycyjnych i nowoczesnych koncepcji oraz analiza skutków ubocznych. Do analizy danych wykorzystano metodê opisow¹ oraz, w niektórych wypadkach, chronologiczn¹. Dane do badañ pozyskano z ponad stu wiarygodnych Ÿróde³ literaturowych i internetowych. Przedmiot badañ omówiono w kontekoecie marketingu, techniki, strategii, zarz¹dzania i innowacji celem nakreoelenia typologii oraz porównania tradycyjnych i nowoczesnych koncepcji, kontrmodeli oraz skutków ubocznych NPD. Literatura fachowa pooewiêcona tworzeniu nowych produktów ukazuje siê dopiero od piêaedziesiêciu lat, jest wiêc stosunkowo m³oda. Badanie ukaza³o przeobra¿enia, które dokona³y siê na przestrzeni czasu w procesie tworzenia nowych produktów i us³ug, odkrywaj¹c tym samym tajemnice prawdziwie produktywnych procesów NPD -to mo¿e jednak nie wystarczyae, gdy¿ przysz³ooeae jest mglista, z³o¿ona, wielowymiarowa i pe³na niekonsekwencji.S³owa kluczowe: tworzenie nowych produktów, tworzenie nowych us³ug, typologia, oecie¿ka rozwojowa Klasyfikacja JEL: A12, M1, M31, O14, O32 IntroductionIn our complex, interconnected, and challenging world, characterised by serious and intense global competition in the development of new products and services, countries attempt to design, produce, develop, and sell new products to inject a fresh spirit to their economy. This is why in the current challenging environment efficient and fast commercialisation becomes a top priority and a critical concern for businesses [Harmancioglu et al., 2007, p. 421; Filippini, Salmaso, Tessarolo, 2004, p. 199; Bonner,...

A cross-national survey on norm and nature of idea generation in new product development The nature of idea generation in new product development is challenging, competing, risky, and requires an interdisciplinary approach. Being aware of the types, sources, techniques, and metrics of ideation is crucial for the achievement of effective and efficient idea generation. The present research attempts to identify the support mechanisms used within different national cultures in terms of generating new product ideas. A descriptive survey was conducted in order to exemplify idea generation norms in new product development and to establish the nature of this process from a multidisciplinary perspective. Then, an explorative qualitative research was carried out with the participation of 78 experts from 39 countries. Subsequently, partial raw data were refined, categorized, and interpreted via content analysis. The literature on idea generation in new product development ought to be more explorative rather than confirmative; it also needs to adopt a wider perspective because of the multidisciplinary nature of the phenomenon it is concerned with. Since successful idea generation can be cultivated along with the development of human capital, more importance should be attached to interdisciplinarity in human resources, multidisciplinarity in human skills, and perceptual vision than to technical excellence.