No abstract

The effectiveness of IVB on diffuse diabetic macular edema was dependent on the optical coherence tomography pattern (SDRT ≥ CME >> SRD), indicating that vascular endothelial growth factor plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of SDRT and CME, and was greater in patients having diabetes for a shorter duration of time.

No abstract

These findings suggest the importance of the cytokine network in BRVO patients, and may contribute to understanding the mechanism of macular edema associated with BRVO and to development of new treatments.

These findings suggest that growth/inflammatory factors and cytokines have an important role in macular edema associated with CRVO. Better understanding of the mechanisms involved may lead to development of new treatments, such as anti-VEGFR-1 therapy.