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Abstract. Recent advances in wireless sensor networks have led to feasibility in implementing a variety of reliable and distributed monitoring and controlling systems used in several areas including environment, healthcare, civil, and military applications. The introduction to novel protocols and their improvements, especially for energy consumption awareness, were due to the major limitations of power-aware tiny sensor nodes. To utilize an overall energy consumption prolonging system lifetime, clustering is one of the promising approaches. By grouping sensors together, the sensor communicates only to its cluster head before gathered, and then forwarded to a base station. In this paper, we evaluate this issue, and then propose an optimization over a well-known hierarchical routing protocol, LEACH, by considering Moving energy window Average and selection Probability (MAP), resulting in an overall energy usage enhancement.

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