Manufacturing firms employ structured approach to ensure that its production system is designed to achieve the firm's business objectives. The study examined the influence of process and product design on production efficiency of 28 manufacturing firms listed with Manufacturers' Association of Nigeria. Structured questionnaire was administered and analyzed using percentages, mean, regression analysis and t-statistic in testing the hypothesis. The findings showed that process design and product design has a significant positive influence on production efficiency. Therefore, the study recommend that manufacturing firms in Nigeria should pay attention to the issues of product design regularly; keeping in mind future growth, expansion plans, market trend and future demands; and that improved methods and processes should be adopted in accomplishing a given task.
Manufacturing firms are faced with the sequencing of tasks in workstations as the capabilities of manufacturing firms is to harness resources through the effective sequencing of task assignments in workstations. Thus, this study empirically examined work line balancing and production efficiency of manufacturing firms in Rivers State, Nigeria. Content on improving production efficiency by reducing non-value-added activities, cycle time and distribution of workload at each work station by work line balancing process, was also addressed. The dimensions of work line balancing were standardized work and one-piece flow; while production efficiency was measured using product output, product quality, and lead time reduction. The Pearson's Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMCC) was used to test the significance of the relationship between dimensions of work line balancing and production efficiency. The findings showed that standard work procedures in work stations' task assignments provide better work line balance and show a positive significant relationship with product output and lead time reduction. Also, one-piece flow was revealed to have a more significant and positive relationship with product quality than product output and lead time reduction. Therefore, it was concluded that implementing appropriate work line balancing in the workstations should be an ongoing activity in the production process and setting capacity utilization baselines is key to improving production efficiency.
This paper is to help view the trend in quantitative analysis as a primary function that involves decision making at every level in the organisation. The study involved the identification of recent trends in quantitative analysis, quantitative analysis as a primary function and its impact on decision making in the organisation. Quantitative analysis is an effective tool for statistical methods, e.g. big data analysis, machine learning, network analysis, operational analysis, etc. These analysis aids decision that is made within the confines of the organisation and its environment. The times are changing with a high rate of varieties in quantitative analytical trends. It has become imperative to follow these trends for enhanced decision making in today's contemporary organisation.
This paper reviewed the concepts of Project Evaluation Review Technique and Critical Path Method in project management with practical examples. The methods and success of quantitative decision-making approaches in project management through the use of project evaluation review technique and the critical path method as regards project duration and critical activities of a project, were discussed. The review found that while both methods are effective in achieving success in project management, the relationship and connectivity of activities involved in a project life cycle are key aspects. The paper concludes that the project evaluation review technique is more effective when the duration of the project is uncertain, while the critical path method is effective when the project's end time is certain. The paper, therefore, recommends that to achieve maximum operative efficiency in utilizing resources in project management, prior to commencing the execution of a project, all required resources to cover every activity must be assembled and prioritized to eliminate interruptions that could bring delay and unnecessary cost implications. Again, policies focused on improving project execution should be implemented in developing nations to minimize the many cases of failed and delayed projects. Subsequently, stakeholders in projects must be given the right, under the law, to prosecute the government, its agencies and/or the executors of projects for failure to execute a project on schedule.
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