Transgender and gender diverse people (TGD) have specific healthcare needs and struggles with access barriers that should be addressed by public health systems. Our study aimed to address this topic in the Brazilian context. A hospital and web-based cross-sectional survey built with input from the medical and transgender communities was developed to assess TGD healthcare needs of and access barriers in two Brazilian states. Although services that assist this population have existed in Brazil since the 1990s, TGD have difficulty accessing these services due to discrimination, lack of information and a policy design that does not meet the needs of TGD. A history of discrimination was associated with a 6.72-fold increase in the frequency of health service avoidance [95% CI (4.5, 10.1)]. This article discusses the urgent necessity for adequate health policies and for the training of professionals regarding the needs of Brazilian TGD.
Introduction The 100-item World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL-100) evaluates quality of life as a subjective and multidimensional construct. Currently, particularly in Brazil, there are controversies concerning quality of life after sex reassignment surgery (SRS). Aim To assess the impact of surgical interventions on quality of life of 47 Brazilian male-to-female transsexual individuals using the WHOQOL-100. Methods This was a prospective cohort study using the WHOQOL-100 and sociodemographic questions for individuals diagnosed with gender identity disorder according to criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. The protocol was used when a transsexual person entered the ambulatory clinic and at least 12 months after SRS. Main Outcome Measures Initially, improvement or worsening of quality of life was assessed using 6 domains and 24 facets. Subsequently, quality of life was assessed for individuals who underwent new surgical interventions and those who did not undergo these procedures 1 year after SRS. Results The participants showed significant improvement after SRS in domains II (psychological) and IV (social relationships) of the WHOQOL-100. In contrast, domains I (physical health) and III (level of independence) were significantly worse after SRS. Individuals who underwent additional surgery had a decrease in quality of life reflected in domains II and IV. During statistical analysis, all results were controlled for variations in demographic characteristics, without significant results. Conclusion The WHOQOL-100 is an important instrument to evaluate the quality of life of male-to-female transsexuals during different stages of treatment. SRS promotes the improvement of psychological aspects and social relationships. However, even 1 year after SRS, male-to-female transsexuals continue to report problems in physical health and difficulty in recovering their independence.
TEMA: a eficácia da técnica de vibração sonorizada de língua (TVSL). OBJETIVO: investigar o impacto vocal e laríngeo e as sensações surgidas frente à execução da técnica de vibração sonorizada de língua. MÉTODO: a TVSL foi aplicada em três séries de quinze repetições, em tempo máximo de fonação com tom e intensidade habituais, com intervalos de 30 segundos de repouso passivo entre cada série. Participaram do estudo 24 sujeitos, do sexo feminino, com idades entre 20 e 30 anos, sem queixas vocais. Todos esses indivíduos foram submetidos à avaliação da laringe, por meio do exame de videolaringoestroboscopia, análise perceptivo-auditiva e acústica da voz, por meio dos programas Multi-Dimensional Voice Programa (MDVP), Model 5105 e Real Time Spectrogram, da Key Elemetrics, antes e após a execução da TVSL. RESULTADOS: após a execução da TVSL evidenciou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa para: a melhora do tipo de voz; do foco de ressonância vertical; da qualidade vocal; o predomínio de sensações positivas; a manutenção dos parâmetros das imagens laríngeas (fechamento glótico, constrição do vestíbulo laríngeo, amplitude e simetria de vibração das pregas vocais); o aumento da freqüência fundamental; a melhora de parâmetros da avaliação espectrográfica, em filtros de Banda Larga e Banda Estreita e a melhora da constrição medial do vestíbulo, conforme o aumento do tempo de execução da TVSL. CONCLUSÃO: a TVSL apresenta modificações sobre a fonte glótica e sobre o filtro ressonantal.
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