Recently, scholars have suggested that reflection is an important, or even essential, aspect of entrepreneurship teaching. However, there has been little empirical research on the links between reflection and entrepreneurial learning in a university setting. We test the relationship between reflection and learning in a sample of 125 entrepreneurship students. The results show that reflection supports the development of entrepreneurial capabilities as manifested in the change of Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC). We also find that previous startup experience and reflection are positively related to the baseline level of PBC. However, we find no evidence of vicarious learning through family business exposure. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.

Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is a highly aggressive, fast-growing asbestos-induced cancer with limited effective treatments. There has been an interest in using naturally occurring anticancer agents derived from plant materials for the treatment of PM. However, it is unclear if aqueous extract from the Leptospermum polygalifolium (QV0) has activity against PM. Here we investigated the anti-cancer property of QV0 in vitro and in vivo. Animals treated with Defender (QV0 dietary supply) exhibited a reduced tumour size over 30 days, which was associated with an average extended of seven days mouse life. There was no liver toxicity, nor increased blood glucose post-treatment in animals treated with Defender. Moreover, QV0 suppressed the growth of 13 cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner, effective at concentrations as low as 0.02% w/v. This response was found to be associated with inhibited cell migration, proliferation, and colony formation, but without evident cell cycle alteration. We observed mitochondrial dysfunction post QV0 treatment, as evidenced by significantly decreased basal and maximal oxygen consumption rates. Significantly enhanced tumour apoptosis was observed in the Defender-treated animals, correlating with mitochondrial dysfunction. To the best of our knowledge, this study constitutes the first demonstration of an improved host survival (without adverse effects) response in a QV0-treated PM mouse model, associated with an evident inhibition of PM cell growth and mitochondrial dysfunction-related enhancement of tumour apoptosis.

Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is a highly aggressive, fast-growing asbestos-induced cancer with limited effective treatments. There has been interest in using naturally occurring anticancer agents derived from plant materials for the treatment of PM. However, it is unclear if an aqueous extract from Leptospermum polygalifolium (QV0) has activity against PM. Here we investigated the anti-cancer properties of QV0 and Defender® (QV0 dietary formula) in vitro and in vivo, respectively. QV0 suppressed the growth of eight PM cell lines in a dose-dependent manner, effective at concentrations as low as 0.02% w/v (equivalent to 0.2 mg/ml). This response was found to be associated with inhibited cell migration, proliferation, and colony formation but without evident cell cycle alteration. We observed mitochondrial dysfunction post-QV0 treatment, as evidenced by significantly decreased basal and maximal oxygen consumption rates. Ten SCID mice were treated with 0.25 mg/g Defender® daily and exhibited reduced tumor size over 30 days, which was associated with an average extension of seven days of mouse life. There was no evidence of liver toxicity or increased blood glucose post-treatment in animals treated with Defender®. Significantly enhanced tumor apoptosis was observed in the Defender®-treated animals, correlating to mitochondrial dysfunction. Lastly, the high levels of polyphenols and antioxidant properties of QV0 and Defender® were detected in HPLC analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this study constitutes the first demonstration of an improved host survival (without adverse effects) response in a QV0-treated PM mouse model, associated with evident inhibition of PM cell growth and mitochondrial dysfunction-related enhancement of tumor apoptosis.