Spacetime physics includes general relativity (GR), quantum theory, quantum gravity, string theory (additional external dimensions), and gauge theory (additional internal dimensions) as well as some modern variations. The paper will discuss the requirements on future propulsion systems stemming from the demands for routine missions to LEO, the moon, or planetary missions within the solar system, as well as interstellar flight. These requirements are compared with the limits imposed by the physical laws of GR in conjunction with the physical theories listed above. The physical consequences of these field theories in curved-spacetime as well as string and gauge theory, are discussed. Moreover, recent developments in the structure of spacetime are presented, and their consequences for advanced propulsion systems are outlined. In particular, a novel experiment (ESA, March 2006) reporting about the generation of an artificial gravitational field in the laboratory is discussed. This experiment, if confirmed, could serve as the basis for a field propulsion device. Since a thorough understanding of the underlying physical principle is of prevailing importance, a detailed theoretical analysis of this experiment is presented. Utilizing the experimental data along with the insight gained from theoretical considerations, a concept for a field propulsion device is developed. Preliminary results on the capability of this device will be given. Finally, an outlook of the necessary experimental and theoretical prerequisites is given to both understand the novel physics as well as the technical requirements for such a propulsion device.