Organska sinteza u kontinualnim sistemima privlači sve više pažnje kako u naučnim istraživanjima tako i u industriji. U laboratorijskim uslovima kontinualni metod sinteze najčešće podrazumeva upotrebu mikroreaktora. Ključna prednost mikroreaktora u odnosu na klasične šaržne reaktore jeste veliki odnos površine i zapremine, koji omogućava bolji prenos mase i toplote, veći stepen konverzije, skraćeno vreme trajanja reakcije, bezbednu, jednostavnu i preciznu regulaciju procesa. U ovom radu ispitivana je sinteza Schiff-ove baze u kontinualnom mikroreaktorskom sistemu, na sobnoj temperaturi. U cilju ostvarenja što većeg prinosa proizvoda varirane su koncentracije rastvora polaznih reaktanata i vreme zadržavanja u mikroreaktoru. Reakcija je kvalitativno praćena na UV-Vis spektrofotometru. Sintetisani benzilidenanilin okarakterisan je temperaturom topljenja i FT-IR podacima.
Integritet cevovoda i drugih elemenata opreme pod pritiskom je veoma važan za pouzdan i bezbedan rad postrojenja u procesnoj industriji. Otkazi opreme mogu, uz ugrožavanje sigurnosti zaposlenih i ekonomske gubitke, u nekim slučajevima izazvati ozbiljne ekološke posledice, ukoliko dođe do ispuštanja otrovnih, zapaljivih ili na drugi način opasnih fluida. Stoga, veoma je važno poznavati ponašanje cevi pri lomu ili drugim oblicima otkaza. Problem pri korišćenju standardnih epruveta predstavlja potrebna debljina uzorka, kao posledica zahteva za dominantnim ravnim stanjem deformacije. U ovom radu, otpornost prema lomu je određena primenom epruveta oblika prstena izloženih savijanju, kao nestandardnih epruveta predloženih u prethodnom periodu. Početni koncentrator napona (žleb ili zamorna prslina) je formiran u uzdužnom pravcu; opterećenje ove epruvete simulira dejstvo unutrašnjeg pritiska u cevi. Epruvete su izrađene od cevi za primenu na povišenoj temperaturi. Rezultati pokazuju da se epruvete oblika prstena mogu koristiti za karakterizaciju loma materijala cevovoda i posuda malih prečnika, posebno za tankozidne strukture koje nisu pogodne za izradu standardnih epruveta mehanike loma (poput elemenata sistema za skladištenje i distribuciju fluida -kiseonika, vodonika, azota, vode / vodene pare, tečnih i gasovitih goriva, itd.). Ključne reči: Otkaz nosivosti cevi; Epruveta oblika prstena za savijanje; Žilav lom; Stereometrijsko beskontaktno merenje deformacijaIntegrity of pipelines and other pressurised equipment elements is very important for reliable and safe exploitation of the process industry plants. Equipment failures can, in addition to endangering the safety of personnel and economic losses, in some cases cause serious ecological consequences, if some toxic, flammable or otherwise dangerous material is released. Therefore, it is very important to understand the behaviour of the pipes during fracture or other failure modes. The problem which arises if standard specimens are applied is the required thickness of the specimen, as a consequence of the plane strain requirement. In this work, fracture resistance is determined by application of ring-shaped specimens exposed to bending, as nonstandard specimens proposed recently. Initial stress concentrator (notch or fatigue pre-crack) is formed in axial direction; loading of this specimen simulates the internal pressure in the pipe. The specimens are fabricated from the pipes for usage on elevated temperature. The results show that the ring-shaped specimens can be applied in fracture characterisation of pipeline / small-diameter vessel material, especially for thin-walled structures which are not convenient for fabrication of standard fracture mechanics specimens (such as elements of systems for transport and distribution of fluids -oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, water / steam, liquid and gaseous fuels, etc.).
Serbia is the largest country in the region, and with a little over 7.5 million people has more than 3600 waste dumpsites. When low level of recycling (less than 10%) and existence of only 7 larger landfills is taken into account, it becomes clear that there is a need for upgrading the waste management in our country in order to prevent the negative influences on the environment and human health, but also to satisfy the requirements necessary to join the European Union. There are many models allowing estimating the quantities of landfill gas, and several calculators exist in the form of Excel sheets, but there is no integrated software solution which would facilitate monitoring of municipal waste landfilling, estimating emissions, and reporting. The aim of this paper is to analyze the needs for a software solution of this kind in Serbia and present the basic steps in the development of this software solution.
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