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Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Treatment typically consists of the chronic administration of topical eye drops. However, fluctuations in intraocular pressure, local and systemic side effects, and low patient compliance have prompted the development of various sustained drug delivery platforms, both extraocular and intraocular, over the last decade. Some are currently undergoing advanced clinical trials. Extraocular platforms include wearable ocular surface devices (such as ocular insert rings, topical ocular drug delivery devices, gel-forming eye drops, collagen shields, and contact lenses), punctal plugs (such as the OTX-TP and Latanoprost punctal plug delivery system), and subconjunctival injections (such as the EyeD VS-101, POLAT-001, GB-6249-103, IBI-60089, and dorzolamide-loaded polymer microparticles). Intraocular platforms include mainly intracameral implants (such as the Bimatoprost SR, ENV515 Travoprost XR, iDose, OTX-TIC, PA5108, and DE-117-loaded PLC), although other devices are drawing attention as potential treatment alternatives (such as intravitreal nanosponges and supraciliary implants). The purpose of this review is to describe these emerging sustained drug delivery systems for the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To assess the foveal microvascular structure of children with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) treated with diode laser photocoagulation using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: OCTA was performed at a tertiary medical center in 17 children (27 eyes) aged 4 to 16 years with a history of diode laser photocoagulation treated ROP. OCTA parameters were compared with those of 12 healthy age-matched controls (23 eyes) attending the orthoptics clinic and correlated with clinical factors. RESULTS: Compared with controls, the ROP group had a smaller foveal avascular zone area ( P < .001), lower deep vascular plexus density ( P < .001), lower flow density ( P = .025), and greater central macular thickness ( P < .001). High intraventricular hemorrhage grade correlated with smaller foveal avascular zone area ( P = .008) and greater inner macular thickness ( P = .047). There was no impact of gestational age, birth weight, or refractive status. CONCLUSION: OCTA can identify significant quantifiable long-term macular microvascular and structural changes in this patient population. [ Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina . 2022;53(4):194–201.]