Accurate assessment of gestational age (GA) is pivotal to provide good quality maternity care. Reliability of routinely used ultrasonographic biometric parameters like Biparietal diameter (BPD), Head circumference (HC) and Femur length (FL) decrease with increasing GA.Fetal kidney length (FKL) and transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) have been shown to strongly correlate with GA in 2nd and 3rd trimester.The present study was conducted on 150 pregnant women at 20 weeks of gestation to evaluate the role of FKL and TCD in estimation of GA and compare their accuracy with other established biometric indices. The GA of the included women was confirmed by early dating scan and exact Last Menstrual Period (LMP).BPD,HC,FL,FKL and TCD were calculated in millimetres (mm) and GA was calculated by using these parameters individually. Standard deviation and standard error of the GA calculated at 20 weeks was lesser for TCD and FKL than BPD, HC and FL with p values of 0.01636 and 0.0129 respectively. It was also observed that values of TCD and FKL in mm correspond to GA in weeks. So it was concluded that FKL and TCD can be used as an individual parameter in estimating GA in mid trimester in patients presenting for the first time with uncertain dates, lack of early dating scan or with IUGR.

Background: Pelvic pain in pregnant as well as non-pregnant females often represents a difcult challenge due to the variety of causes characterized by overlapping clinical symptoms, including gynaecological and non-gynaecological causes. Ultrasound (USG) is one of the best tools for the evaluating the female pelvis. It is very helpful in acute conditions to rule out different lower abdominal pathologies and is key to further management and appropriate treatment. Objectives: To assess the role of USG in acute pelvic pain & evaluate the common aetiologies of acute pelvic pain in females. This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Radi Material And Methods: o-diagnosis and Imaging in a tertiary care hospital in Jammu over a period of 6 months (May 2022 to October 2022). Female patients presenting with acute pelvic pain were included in our study. USG examination was performed using Samsung Sonoace R7 machine. Data obtained was compiled and analysed using standard statistical analysis. Results: In our study, the age range of the patients was 21-60 years and most common age group was 21-30 years. On USG, commonest cause of Acute Pelvic pain was ovarian cysts (48%). Ectopic pregnancy was seen in 16% cases while pelvic inammatory disease was seen in 10% cases. Uterine leiomyomas were the cause of acute pelvic pain in 8% of cases. Non-gynaecological causes included appendicular abscess, cystitis and ureteric calculus and were seen in 6% cases. In 12% cases, no diagnosis was made on USG. Conclusions: USG is a commonly used modality in evaluation of acute pelvic pain in females. It is very useful in emergency as it helps in quick evaluation and decision making for operative or medical treatment planning and can help in timely diagnosis without further imaging tests.