Three filtration systems using the tractor hydraulic circuit were proposed and verified during the tractors operation. Using the tractor-implement hydraulic system and filter body with accessories the universally useful filtration systems were designed. The designed filtration systems are the second stage of universal oil filtration whereas the first stage is the standard tractor filter. The decrease in the content of iron reached the values 25.53 %, 32.95 % and 41.55 % and the average decrease in oil contamination characterized by average value of decrease in content of iron, copper and silicium reached values 24.3 %, 24.7 % and 35.53 % in dependence on the filtration system and an oil contamination level. The decrease in contamination level verified the ability of designed filtration systems for agricultural tractors.

The paper presents a static lateral stability of a sub-compact tractor MT8-070 Mini in relation to a safe tractor operation. Axle weight distribution of the tractor was measured to calculate the vertical and longitudinal coordinates of a centre of gravity (COG). Experiments were aimed at the tractor equipped with no and four levels of rear wheel ballast weights (30.5, 61, 91.5 and 122 kg) at standard and extended overall width on tyres. A static overturning angle was calculated and experimentally measured when the tractor with right wheels touching the ground was in a state of unstable equilibrium. Comparing the experimental data with ISO 16231-2 (2015), the differences were 2.57%, 2.80%, 3.04%, 3.42% and 3.88% in the case of the standard overall width on tyres and 2.40%, 2.61%, 3.11%, 3.67% and 3.99% in the case of the extended overall width on tyres at 0, 30.5, 91.5 and 122 kg of the rear wheel ballast weight. Considering the vertical tyre deformation and the lateral shift of the tyre, the differences decreased to 0.95%, 1.11%, 1.29%, 1.85% and 1.42% (standard overall width on tyres) and 0.91%, 1.18%, 1.69%, 2.27% and 2.57% (extended overall width on tyres). The length of a rubber lug of a tyre contact patch did not change when the tractor was inclined at various ballast weights and did not affect the static overturning angle calculation according to ISO 16231-2 (2015). Results showed higher static overturning angle experimentally measured in comparison with calculated according to ISO 16231-2 (2015) due to the tyre deformation. Limiting the tractor operation on the basis of the static overturning angle calculated according to ISO 16231-2 (2015) avoids the tractor usage under dangerous operation conditions.

Driving wheel operation is characterized by force interactions with the ground, manifested in the form of vibrations. Signals generated by driving wheels can be analyzed in the frequency spectrum of tractor drawbar pull. The paper presents the analysis of a drawbar pull signal generated by a tractor equipped with two types of special driving wheels and standard tires. Beside the evaluation of special driving wheels’ properties according to drawbar power, the frequency spectra of measured signals were analyzed using a fast Fourier transformation. The model spectrum intervals for the standard tires, spike tires, and blade wheels were calculated according to the number of rubber lugs, blades, or spikes and compared with the experimental results. The results showed that the specific frequencies typical for blades and spikes were identified in model spectrum intervals. In the case of standard tires, the spectrum components typical for rubber lugs of the tire tread pattern were not identified. The highest amplitude of the typical frequency component was detected in the case of blades wheels, which showed the highest difference in drawbar power in comparison with the standard tires. Smaller dimensions of spikes resulted in lower amplitude and lower difference in drawbar power in comparison with the standard tires.

Vehicle lateral stability is evaluated using the static overturning angle. The correct value of this parameter depends on the calculation method. The aim of this study was to compare the latest standard with previously published methodology, to propose two alternative methodologies (Models 1 and 2) and to analyze the influence of various levels of rear wheel ballast weights and overall tire widths on the stability of universal and subcompact tractors. The results showed a significant regression effect of the rear wheel ballast weight on static overturning angle. The influence of the rear wheel ballast weight was higher in the subcompact tractor than in the universal tractor due to a larger distance between the height of the center of gravity and the center of the rear axle. Comparing the latest standard with the previously published methodology, the highest difference values were 13.82% and 7.30%. Both models are based on the previously published methodology and differ from each other in rolling and slope lines. The methodology proposed in Model 2 differed from the standard similarly to the previously published methodology; therefore, it is irrelevant. Model 1 reached differences of only −1.81% and −1.63%, representing a minimal difference from the standard.

The aim of this paper is to present the possibilities of using the Pareto method in evaluating the effectiveness of machine production processes. The paper deals with the production process of material cutting using progressive technology and subsequent evaluation of its effectiveness and quality. In the production process, we have used the method of material cutting by abrasive water jet. The Pareto analysis was used for eliminating the shortcomings in the quality of the final part.