Citizens’ trust of authorities is of general importance, as it can affect trust in society as a whole. The Swedish Transport Agency is a state administrative authority responsible for driving license withdrawal. If withdrawals are experienced as unfair by those affected, this might lead to decreased trust in the agency and in other actors involved. This study accordingly examines how the experiences of people who have had their driving license for a private car withdrawn due to visual field loss might affect their distrust of the authorities, as related to outcomes and processes. Follow-up interviews were conducted with nine people from a previous study. Content analysis revealed one overarching theme, struggling for justice within a system perceived as unfair, which comprised four identified categories: preparedness for and understanding of the withdrawn driving license (WDL); perceptions of assessment methods, reactions and actions regarding the decision, and perceptions of the authorities’ performance. In sum, the vision tests on which withdrawals are based were perceived as unfair, as they did not measure individual driving ability. Furthermore, rejections of appeals led to feelings of hopelessness. Distrust regarding outcomes and processes related to the withdrawals was also fueled by experiences of deficiencies regarding, for example, performance and information.

China's natural waters are experiencing an increasingly anthropogenic perturbation widely including acidification and hypoxia, and toxic metals including copper (Cu) are subject to a series of reactions including chemical speciation and transformation. However, there is still little information available regarding such alterations of metal behaviors in China's natural waters. By using solid phase extraction technique, this study for the first time measured total dissolved Cu, and different Cu species: toxic labile Cu (referred to those free cupric ions and some weakly organic compounds adsorbed onto Chelex-100 resins), the organic refractory Cu (referred to those adsorbed onto C18 resins after passing through Chelex-100 resins), and residual Cu (obtained by subtracting labile and organic refractory fractions from the total) in a freshwater lake (the Lover) and a saltwater lagoon (the Yundang) in Xiamen, China. Our results demonstrated that both waters were characterized with relatively low levels of total dissolved Cu (5-10 nM), as a result of a net removal process dominated by particle adsorption and precipitation. Relatively high proportion of organic refractory Cu (as high as 50 %) was observed in the saltwater Yundang lagoon as a result of organic matter production and/or discharges followed by complexation nearby. On the other hand, the toxic labile Cu accounted for >40 % of the total dissolved Cu pool in these waters, and particularly the increased proportion of toxic labile Cu (as high as 70 %) occurred in the bottom sulfidic Lover Lake. Our study provides clear evidence that toxic labile Cu could be transformed under reducing environments such as deep sulfidic waters of the Lover Lake (Xiamen, China), and the releases of toxic labile metals are increasingly threatening nearby aquatic ecosystems.

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Background: Adolescents losing a parent are a risk group for future complications in their ongoing live such as higher rate of mortality, self-harm and other mental health problems. There is a lack of knowledge in what, how and when to offer help as well as no concluding theoretical model to understand the whole process of losing a parent. The objective of this study was to examine how the relationships of some young people are affected by the loss of a parent to cancer during their teenage years. Method:Six women aged between 18 and 25 participated in the study. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) method was used. Result:The theme of loneliness was cemented with the two main themes, into loneliness and out of loneliness and sub-themes such as, cancer comes along, silence, hold on to and miss, those closest, the supporters, independence, closeness and distance. Conclusion:The parent who has died lives on as an inner object and the support from the remaining parent is viewed very important. The process to be back on track seems diverse and continues for a long time and outside help needs to tune in with this.