The synthesis, characterization and catalytic performance of offretite with four distinct crystal morphologies (oval, hexagonal, broccoli-like, and spherical) are presented.

A variety of synthetic procedures have been used to obtain zeolite ZSM-23 (MTT) catalysts with crystallite sizes ranging from the micrometer to nanometer scale. When the acidic zeolite is used as a catalyst for the methanol to hydrocarbon (MTH) reaction, the catalytic lifetime is dramatically influenced by the crystallite shape and size.

In dry quartz stable closed liquid micron-size inclusions and newly formed OH groups were observed after thermal treatment.