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Authors gathered and investigated annual energy consumption of 4,194 retail facilities. The retail facilities were classified by the retail categories into department store, general merchandise store, grocery store, garment store, household merchandise store, home center, drag store, convenience-store, shopping center and specialized store. The average of total floor area and annual primary energy consumption per unit floor area were compared among the retail categories. Except the combination between department store and shopping center, these retail categories showed a significant difference in the total floor area and/or annual energy consumption per total floor area. This result implies that classification by retail category contributes to understand the characteristics of energy consumption. Authors gathered and investigated annual energy consumption of 4,194 retail facilities. The retail facilities were classified by the retail categories into department store, general merchandise store, grocery store, garment store, household merchandise store, home center, drag store, convenience-store, shopping center and specialized store. The average of total floor area and annual primary energy consumption per unit floor area were compared among the retail categories. Except the combination between department store and shopping center, these retail categories showed a significant difference in the total floor area and/or annual energy consumption per total floor area. This result implies that classification by retail category contributes to understand the characteristics of energy consumption. Keywords :

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The authors outline the knowledge they have gained through their design experience on the efficacy of natural ventilation in non-residential buildings in Japan. They also describe the various challenges which must be overcome to deploy natural ventilation. It is hoped that the knowledge presented in this paper will be of reference in the drafting of guidelines for the research and design of future natural ventilation systems. Natural ventilation yields great energy-saving effects, but it is also necessary to make reference to and examine the numerous challenges which must be overcome at all stages from design to operation, with reference to actual conditions in Japan, and indicate the necessity of developing methods for verifying the performance of natural ventilation.