The article examines the phenomenon of "juvenile delinquency", assesses its actual state and establishes the tendencies of its manifestations. Juvenile delinquency in Ukraine as a part of crime in a broad sense arises and develops under the influence of certain determinants. The study of the causes and conditions of juvenile delinquency remains relevant today, which indicates the special danger of this kind of crime for the development of society. The purpose of the article is to study the state of the problem in Ukraine and the experience of other countries in minimising the criminal behaviour of minors in the process of property and non-property relations. The leading approach that was used when writing the article is the comparison and analysis of modern materials on the problems of criminal behaviour of criminals who have not reached the age of majority. As a result, it was possible to identify the social characteristics of juvenile criminals and the reasons for their criminal behaviour. Considerable attention is paid to the factors influencing the commission of crimes: a dysfunctional family, shortcomings of the educational process, the problem of alcohol and drug use by minors. In addition, some directions for the prevention of juvenile delinquency were developed. The applied value is the ability to change legislation in terms of work and correction of minor criminals' behaviour.

Poltava K. O. Criminological characterization of the level and dynamics of animal abuse in Ukraine and directions of its prevention The scientific paper is devoted to the criminological characterization of such statistics indexes of animal abuse in Ukraine, as the crime rate, conviction rate and their dynamics, as well as the main directions of its prevention. It is emphasized, that animal abuse is a subject for an interdisciplinary research. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the current state of animal abuse in Ukraine and on the base of the official statistical reporting of judicial and law enforcement agencies to determine the ways of its prevention. The concepts of cruelty and abuse were considered. It was determined, that in the social sciences the concept of cruelty is mostly understood as an inseparable part of features of a particular person, his moral characters and propensities. Instead, in the criminal law of Ukraine, abuse (which is based on the notion of cruelty) is considered by the legislator as a way of committing a crime, as an element of the objective side of a criminal offense. Changes and additions, which were made in 2017 to Art. 299 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine ("Animal abuse"), have been analyzed. On the base of the analysis of the statistics of the judicial and law enforcement agencies, it was concluded, that the dynamics of indexes of both the crime rate and the conviction rate under Art. 299 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine aren't stable. It was noted, that these indexes after 2017 tend to increase. A three-stage system for the prevention of animal abuse in Ukraine, with the division on social, special criminological and individual levels, has been considered. It is noted, that within the frameworks of social prevention it is possible to distinguish socioeconomic, legal, organizational and managerial, cultural and educational measures. Special criminological prevention is proposed to be carried out in three directions: regulatory, organizational and administrative, law enforcement. It is emphasized, that preventive work with a particular person (the individual level of crime prevention) is the base for the prevention of animal abuse.

The aim: This article aims to analyze the statistics of road accidents victims in Ukraine in general and the level of criminal offenses’ against traffic safety and transport operation victims, in particular, to consider the main victimological risks for road users and provide them with a public health approach. Materials and methods: The theoretical basis of the article is specialized literature on law, economics, and sociology. The empirical basis of the research was the materials of generalization of more than 1,000 criminal proceedings under Art. 286 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, the results of a survey of Ukrainian citizens on the state of road safety in Ukraine. Results: According to the results of an empirical study, in terms of role, pedestrians clearly predominate among the victims (59.6%), while every fourth victim is a passenger of a vehicle. Driver victims are only 14.6% of the total number. Victimological risk on the roads is the probability of becoming a victim and suffering damage to one’s life and health from criminal offenses against traffic safety and operation of transport. For each of the categories of victims there are both general and specific victimological risks. The causes of accidents can be grouped by the source of danger in the triangle “person – mechanism – road”. Conclusions: The most dangerous and widespread victimological risks for road users in Ukraine are speeding and maneuvering, drunk driving, parking violations, poor road infrastructure, physiological and psychological characteristics of road users, low professional skills of drivers, etc.