The issue of ensuring personal security has always been the focus of researchers around the world in the face of continuous manifestations of crises. That is why the aim of this article was to clarify the constituent elements of institutional systems of public administration of personal security, to define the methods and tools of public administration, as well as their main orientations. The research involved the following scientific methods: analysis and synthesis, economic and statistical analysis, classification methods, correlation analysis. As a result of the research, the main strategies and tools of public administration of personal safety were established. The process of institutionalization of sustainable development and its role in ensuring personal safety was delineated. The extent to which Ukraine has achieved each of the seventeen sustainable development goals was determined, as well as the number of tasks and measures introduced by the government to achieve each of the goals. The conclusions highlight the need to emphasize, in terms of public policy, the problem of personal security and to separate it from other types of security.

Objective. Investigation of actual aspects concerning judicial regulation of explantation of donor’s anatomical materials for transplantation, determination of main problematic issues of such activity and delineation of ways to improve the legislative-judicial guaranties of the person’s life and the health guarding in explantation procedure of the donor’s anatomical materials. Materials and metods. Modern national and international normative base, which establishes main principle of explantation of the donor’s anatomical materials, was investigated. The methods of searching, analysis, systematization and summarizing of information were studied. Results. Necessity in sophisticated judicial base for transplantology is connected, first of all, with peculiar relations between donor and recipient, specifically constituting equal rights for the life for them. Actual judicial pattern of the consent or rejection delivery for procedure of explantation of the donor’s anatomical materials in the dead persons are frequently considered the disadvantages of a legislative-judicial regulation of transplantology. In such situation, the authors mentioned, that it is necessary to preserve an actual judicial pattern of the informed consent obtaining, to improve this procedure,as well as a mechanism of fixation and the state control. Also it is necessary to proceed with further harmonization of national legislation with international principles, concerning judicial regulation of explantation of donor’s materials, taking into account the national peculiarities and realization of the state policy in development of transplantology. The investigation results were confirmed by the author’s statistical observation. Conclusion. Basing on the definite priority of human rights, a necessity for guaranteeing to them the right to live and to be physicslly untouchable, independent from judicial pattern of the consent obtaining for the anatomical materials explantation, the state must guarantee the usable mechanism of effective control for obtaining and fixation of a consent of a potential donor.

The importance of respect for human rights in a democratic society and, especially, by the state makes this research topic relevant. However, the current situation in Ukraine is evidence that such rights are often broken, and although law enforcement officials should protect these rights, they are those who break them. The study aims to explore the role of law enforcement activities in ensuring and protecting human rights in Ukraine, examine existing problems at the legislative and practical level, and find ways to improve the current situation. The article studies the case law of the European Court of Human Rights. On its basis, it substantiates there are significant problems in the Ukrainian reality regarding the respect for human rights by law enforcement officials. Based on this, we have suggested effective meth-ods to eliminate these breaches, such as establishing additional control over the activities of law en-forcement officials and reforming their education system. As the changes and reforms should start with a terminological definition, we have emphasized the need to amend the current legislation of Ukraine that will eliminate contradictions and inaccuracies in the interpretation of the notion of law enforce-ment officials. The practical significance of the article is to prepare the basis for amendments to the leg-islation of Ukraine and the training system of law enforcement officials. In addition, the practical signif-icance of the work is to justify the need for an online platform for society to control the activities of law enforcement officials in terms of their respect for human rights and freedoms.

Given the need to bring Ukrainian law in line with the norms and principles of international law, it is important to study European legal experience and European legal doctrine. The purpose of the article is to study the current problems of using the legal positions of the ECtHR in the decisions of Ukrainian courts. The study found that despite the legal consolidation of the status of ECtHR decisions as a source of law in Ukraine, the reasons that hinder the proper application of ECtHR practice are the lack of a systematic and well-established methodology for motivating court decisions using effective interpretative interpretation of ECtHR on specific decisions.The need to develop practical recommendations and methods of direct use of the practice of the Strasbourg court in the decisions of Ukrainian courts is pointed out. The methodological basis of the study is a dialectical method of cognition, which allows to explore problems in the unity of their social content and legal form, logical-semantic method, method of synthesis, system-structural method, sociological and statistical method and others. The practical significance of the obtained results is determined by the ability to increase the role of ECtHR decisions in ensuring human and civil rights in a democratic society.