Barber and colleagues (T. A. Barber, A. M. Klunk, P. D. Howorth, M. F. Pearlman, & K. E. Patrick, 1998; T. A. Barber, M. F. Pearlman & K. E. Patrick, 1995) showed that male domestic chicks would not peck a bead presented 15 or more min before a lithium chloride (LiCl) injection, but would peck a bead presented less than 15 min before a LiCl injection. In 4 experiments, the authors (a) confirmed their initial observation, (b) showed that the effect is not due to retrograde amnesia produced by LiCl, and (c) confirmed that memories less than 15 min old are available for other types of learning.

No abstract

No abstract