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The purpose of this study was to better clarify the influence of wearing a lumbo-sacral orthosis (LSO) on the respiratory and circulatory responses during ergometry exercise, especially on work capacity and energy consumption. [Subjects] Work capacity (WC), peak oxygen uptake (V • O 2peak) and values of gas exchange threshold (V • O 2GET) in ten healthy male subjects (age 19.9 ± 0.6 yr, height 1.71 ± 0.06 m, weight 61.2 ± 5.0 kg; mean ± SD) were examined. [Methods] Experimental conditions were as follows: a non-elastic lumbo-sacral orthosis (NLSO) or an elastic lumbo-sacral orthosis (ELSO) were worn and no orthosis was used for the control. For statistic analyses, one-way ANOVA was performed. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. [Results] In this study, we found no significant differences among the three conditions. Mean values of WC were 237 ± 32.6 W in controls, 220 ± 35.2 W with the NLSO and 227 ± 32.3 W with the ELSO, except for one subject who was instructed to stop exercising. Values of V • O 2peak were, on the average, 2.59 ± 0.34 ml/min in controls, 2.30 ± 0.40 ml/min in the NLSO and 2.41 ± 0.45 ml/min in the ELSO, excluding the subject who failed to exercising. Mean values of V • O 2GET were 1.21 ± 0.30 ml/min in controls, 1.02 ± 0.24 ml/min with the NLSO and 1.14 ± 0.32 ml/min with the ELSO, for all of the 10 subjects. [Conclusion] It was concluded that both types of LSO had no effect on cardio-pulmonary responses during ergometry exercise.

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Summary. The surface structures of the cell envelopes of 16 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were examined by electronmicroscopy with the new fixation technique of freezesubstitution. Two types of structures were observed among the organisms. In one group of strains, mostly isolated from blood, a dense fibrous layer c. 30 nm thick was found around the outer-membrane surface, whereas no such structure was observed in the other group of isolates, most of which were from sputum. Lipopolysaccharides extracted from the isolates with a dense fibrous layer were found by SDS-PAGE to have long 0-polysaccharide chains, whereas strains without such a layer mostly had lipopolysaccharides that lacked high mol. wt. 0-polysaccharide chains.

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