Water circulation in the Japan Sea is characterized as a formation of the Japan Sea Proper Water from the data observed in1969by research vessels belonging to the Japan
Meteorological Agency.Below500m depth in the Japan Sea,salinity is relatively high in the northem part and low in the southem,This is opposite to the conditions in the surface layer,where the northempartisgenerallytheColdCurrentRegionandthesouthemparttheWamCurrent Region. In the southern part of the eastem Japan Basin of the northern Japan Sea, anticyclonic circulation occurs and sea waters sink towards the bottom.In the westem Japan Basin and in the Yamato Basin,sea waters flow upward,in contrast to the southern part of the eastem Japan Basin.Therefore vertical water circulation generates in the deep layer of the Japan Sea,that is,downwelling appears in the southem part of the eastem Japan Basin,and upwelling occurs in the westem Japan Basin and in the Yamato Basin.
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