According to the current data, the family Iridaceae is represented in Bulgaria by 30 species, grouped into 5 genera. The territory of Bulgaria, as part of the Balkan Peninsula, is characterized as a part of a secondary speciation center for the largest genera in the Iris and Crocus. In addition to widespread species, there are local and regional endemics that are of great conservation importance. Despite this fact, it is little known about the taxonomy and phylogeny of Iridaceae in Bulgaria. The main purpose of this publication is to present the degree of study of the family in Bulgarian literature, compared to the investigations in the Balkan Peninsula and the literature in the world. Inventory of the collections in the national herbaria SO, SOA and SOM have done. Most of the materials have been collected in the years of the active field studies on the Bulgarian flora – at the beginning of the 20th century until the taxonomical work on the family in vol. II of Flora Reipublicae Popularis Bulgaricae in the middle 60s. The lack of taxonomical investigations in Bulgarian flora justifies the need to reconsider the taxonomical structure of the Iridaceae family. Preliminary studies on species chorology have shown that the Bulgarian floristic literature's data are outdated and do not coincide with recent taxonomic changes in polymorphic paraphyletic and polyphyletic groups. On other hand, the decisions in the phylogenetic relationships between the polyphyletic taxa could be realized using molecular techniques, which have not yet been implemented for the species in Bulgaria. The taxonomic complexity of the group and still scarce knowledge demands further studies in Bulgarian flora, including investigating phylogenetic relationships.

SummaryThe preservation of plant biodiversity of Bulgarian flora is the main priority in scientific activities of IPGR -Sadovo. It is a part of the National Programme on Plant Genetic resources (PGR). Plant accessions in the base collections are evaluated according to the standards of FAO and European programme for PGR. The scientific programme for conservation of germplasm under controlled conditions in the gene bank is prepared according to the FAO requirements. The national collection of PGR in Sadovo includes crops and crop wild relatives-new varieties, selection lines, old varieties, local populations, mutants and wild species. The collection is divided into 7 main groups: cereals, grain legumes, industrial crops, vegetable crops, forage crops and medical and ornamental plants. The scientific work is carried out in 6 directions: enrichment with new geneplasm; evaluation of PGR; maintenance of PGR; conservation of PGR; documentation of PGR; use of PGR.

The study was conducted during the period 2014 -2016 in the experimental field of Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Sadovo. The influence of the period of sowing, the predecessor and the fertilization on the elements of productivity and grain yield per hectare in einkorn wheat were studied. It was established that the structural elements of productivity -number of productive tillers, length of the spike, number of spikelets per spike, mass of central spike, number of grains in central spike, weight of the grains from the central spike are with the highest values in plants grown after predecessor peas, sown in autumn and fertilized with extra nitrogen. With least developed productive capabilities are the plant variants sown in spring after sunflower and without additional fertilization with nitrogen. With proved the biggest impact on grain yield per hectare is the date of sowing. The sources of variation: predecessor and combined effect of factors predecessor x fertilization show equal share of influence on the productivity of einkorn. The results from the study give science-based information on the most favorable time of sowing, fertilizing and predecessor in einkorn.

The aim of the current study is to trace the changes in the length of the growing season in accordance with the accumulated effective temperatures, rains and plant nutrition during the vegetation period, as well as the influence of these indices on the grain yield. The study was conducted in the period 2015 -2016 in the experimental field of Institute of Plant Genetic Resources -Sadovo with the local variety B3E0025 from the National Genebank in Sadovo. The experiment was made in block method in four repetitions. Three sowing times were made -autumn, winter and early spring and two options of N fertilizationwithout additional N and 3 kg/da input of active N substance in tillеring phase. The beginning of the basic phenophases has been observed. As a result of the study it was established that the vegetation period in T. monococcum L. has 114-238 days' duration and accumulation of effective temperature of 2266.0-2714.71°C. The length of the growing season and the necessary accumulated temperature depends on the sowing period, the predecessor, the amount of nutrient substances and soil moisture. The extension of the critical phases of autumn sowing favours the obtaining of higher yield. The significance of the effective temperatures decreases with additional N input.

The aim of this study was to assess the degree of variation between 32 accessions of wild einkorn (Triticum boeoticum Boiss.) on the basic morphophysiological and anatomical characteristics of the flag and subflag leaves. The experiment was carried out during 2016 -2017 growing seasons in the randomized block design in four replications and 10 m 2 plot size. Significant differences among the accessions for all studied characters were recorded. The epidermis of the studied 32 accessions was constructed by strongly elongated prosenhyme cells with flexous walls. The stomatas were with oval to elliptic shape, about 1.5 times longer than wide. The most variable character was the total chlorophyll content. Accessions with numbers B6E0416, B6E0413, B6E0398 and B6E0392 had the largest amount of chlorophyll pigments exceeding the average standard almost twice. The water-to-biomass ratio in the flag leaf was the greatest for B6E0378, B6E0389 and B6E0401, while for the subflag l eaves B6E0379, B6E0401 and B6E0385 were with the highest amount of water per unit of dry mass. The correlation between intensity of transpiration and the fresh and dry mass of leaves were slightly negative for flag leaf and slightly positive for subflag leaf. The water content of the subflag leaf had a stronger influence on the morphophysiological parameters compared to the water content of the flag leaf. PC-analysis grouped accessions according to similarity on the basis of investigated morphophysiological and physiological characters in two components in the factor plane. Keywords-wild einkorn, anatomy of leaf, morphophysiological characters of leaves, correlation, PC-analysis.