Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with intense activation of hemostatic mechanisms. But the precise knowledge of the effects of eliminating CPB in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are not well established. The present study was carried out to compare and document the changes in selected coagulation and fibrinolysis variables in patients undergoing on-pump and off-pump CABG (OPCAB). A total of 42 patients of on-pump and 31 patients of off-pump CABG were selected for the study. Platelet count, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), Fibrinogen and D-dimer levels were measured immediately, 24 h and 7 days after operation and compared with the baseline preoperative values. Statistical analysis was done by mixed ANOVA for repeated measures and Post-hoc tests using the Bonferroni correction, Chi square and unpaired t test. All the parameters were significantly changed (P < 0.05) with the time. Platelet counts, fibrinogen and D-dimer levels were significantly different between on-pump and off-pump CABG patients on immediate and 24 h postoperative period and attained almost same level after 7 days of operation. Fibrinogen level and platelet counts were increased after a sharp fall in the immediate post-operative period whereas D-dimer levels were persistently increased with a sharp peak of rise in the immediate post-operative period in on-pump group. On-pump surgery was associated with excessive fibrinolytic activity immediately after operation. The off-pump group demonstrated less activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis and delayed postoperative response that became almost equal to the on-pump group in the later postoperative period.

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Background. Silicosis is a slowly progressive chronic occupational lung disease, developed after a prolong period of exposure to high concentration of silica dust.Methods. In this longitudinal study, we enrolled old and new silicosis patients (n=19; 8 jewellery polishers, 11 from other occupations) seen at our Pulmonary Medicine Department from June 2009 to December 2012 to document the course of illness as per their occupational exposure.Results. Six of the eight jewellery polishing workers had developed silicosis within five years of exposure, while six of the 11 other workers with other occupational exposure had developed silicosis after exposure of 10 years or more. Mean duration of exposure was significantly less among jewellery polishing workers compared to other workers (3.4±1.7 versus 9.3±4.1; p=0.001). Mean duration of illness (months) (14.9±5.8 versus 28.5±16.5; p=0.040) were significantly less among the jewellery polishing workers compared to other workers. At the end of the study period, all eight jewellery polishing workers with silicosis had died while four of the 11 patients with other occupational exposure had died. Conclusion.Silicosis among jewellery polishing workers was found to be more severe and progressive compared to silicosis due to other occupational exposures, in our study.

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Introduction: The covid 19 pandemic has exploded since cases were rst reported in China on December 2019.As of July 9 2020, more than 12 million cases of Covid 19 caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2(SARS-CoV-2) have been reported, and cases have been reported in more than 180 countries. Aim and Objectives: To study the common abnormality in pulmonary function tests in post Covid 19 discharged patients and to correlate with the severity of the disease. Material and Method: A single centre, hospital based, observational, crosssectional study was conducted in the Department of General Medicine, KPC Medical College and Hospital, Jadavpur, Kolkata, both indoor and OPD patients from 25th of August 2020 to 25th Of June 2021. Result: In our study, 16(20.0%) patients had Mild restriction at PFT Spirometry Finding-x, 34(42.5%) patients had Moderate Restriction at PFT Spirometry Finding-x, 23(28.8%) patients had moderately severe Restriction at PFT Spirometry Finding-x and 7(8.8%) patients had severe restriction at PFT Spirometry Finding-x. Conclusion: DLCO/Va-x was less in severe disease followed by mild and moderate disease which was statistically signicant. DLCO/Va-y was less in severe disease followed by mild and moderate disease which was statistically signicant.