The aim of the present study is to investigate the chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of three essential oils extracted by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Artemisia arborescens L., which was collected from three different regions near Tlemcen city in the West Northern of Algeria: Beni Snous, Bidar and Chetouane. The chemical composition was investigated using both capillary gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) techniques. Fifty-two compounds were detected, a total of fifty compounds, representing 81.8 to 90.2% of the total oils were identified in the three samples of essential oils. The essential oils of A. arborescens were rich in camphor (Beni Snous: 72.2%, Bidar: 50.3% and Chetouane: 32.8%). The present composition of the essential oils, with camphor as the only most abundant component, was considered as a new chemotype of A. arborescens growing in West Northern of Algeria. Antibacterial activity of the essential oils against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, was tested using the diffusion method and by determining the inhibition zone. The results showed that the oils had a great potential antibacterial activity against some bacteria. The maximum zone of inhibition was obtained against Enterococcus faecalis (22 mm). In contrast, the oils were ineffective on the inactivation of Lysteria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli. Antioxidant capacity was assessed by in vitro tests using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and significant activity was found for these A. arborescens oils.

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In the last years, the development of the drug for the treatment of inflammation is very fast. The inflammation is a first-rate example of a disease that symbolizes turmoil in normal host defense systems. COX-2 is an oxido-reductase having a role in prostaglandin biosynthesis, inflammatory responses and in cardiovascular events. COX-2 has gained special focus on research since past few decades. The compounds isolated from plants have good inhibitory effects against cyclooxygenase.In this study, Molecular modeling and docking analysis were used to predict and understand interactions between COX-2 and some compounds isolated from Artemisia arborescensL. The approach is applicable in engineering 3D structures of enzymatic models, and studying interactions of active site residues with ligands show that the three compounds: L 9, L 8 and L 4 give the best results, so they may be effective as the potential inhibitor compound against COX-2 protein and can be evaluated as anti-inflammatory drug molecule using clinical trials.

This study attempts to discuss the effect of the use leadership style Transformation and Non-use of laissez-faire in schools on the percentage of outstanding students and on the percentage of dropouts in schools in the Haifa district. To achieve a goal of this study, a study was published on "Measurement and analysis of statistics to determine relationships between one data set and another". The leadership style used by teachers and principals. As an independent variable was identified from the literature, and appropriate statistical tests were performed to determine its effect. Furthermore, the study lies that the school principal adopts a specific style of transformative, transformational leadership styles, if this leadership style influences the school culture. The sample of this study consists of the principals and teachers of the Arab outstanding students in the Haifa district. The test will include 4 Arab high schools in the Haifa district, 4 schools received a "good" rating.