The Persian-version of the KOOS is a culturally-adapted, reliable and valid outcome measure to be used in Iranian patients with knee injuries, with its psychometric properties in agreement with the original versions.

The measurement of spasticity is part of the neurological examination of patients with disorders of the central nervous system. Recently, the Modified Modified Ashworth Scale (MMAS) was developed for the characterization of muscle spasticity. The purpose of this study was to determine the interrater reliability of the MMAS in the assessment of wrist flexor muscle spasticity in adult patients after upper motoneuron lesions resulted in hemiplegia. Thirty hemiplegic patients (17 males and 13 females) with a mean age of 55.6+/-7.8 years participated in this study. The wrist flexor spasticity was assessed according to MMAS by two female physiotherapists. The raters gave 23 patients the same spasticity score (weighted percentage agreement=97.4%). The most agreement occurred for scores 3 (46.7%) and 0 (16.7%), respectively. The agreement between raters was very good (weighted kappa=0.92, SE=0.03, p<0.0001). In conclusion, the MMAS has very good interrater reliability for the assessment of wrist flexor muscle spasticity.

The aim of this study to examine the effects of supportive-educational nurse-led intervention on the patients' anxiety and sleep before the coronary artery bypass grafting.The current clinical trial recruited 160 patients (N = 160) waiting for the coronary artery bypass grafting by random block sampling and divided them into two 80-people experimental and control groups. Spielberger's State Anxiety Inventory was completed on the first day. The Groningen's Sleep Quality Index was also completed by the patients on the day of surgery. Data were analyzed in SPSS software version 16, using descriptive and inferential statistics tests.The mean anxiety score in the experimental group decreased to 48.39, whereas in the control group, the mean anxiety score saw a rise after the intervention (61.09). The comparison of the mean quality of sleep the night before the surgery for both groups showed that sleep in the control group compared with sleep in the experimental group had a lower quality, and statistically, it was significant (P < .001).Results showed that nonpharmacological and supportive interventions can reduce patients' anxiety and sleep disturbance before the coronary artery bypass grafting. According to the results, nonpharmacological therapies should be placed at the top of nurses' tasks.