Malnutrition is an important risk factor for the development of sarcopenia. Recently, phase angle (phA) obtained from the bioelectrical impedance analysis is increasingly becoming known as a nutritional status marker and may be considered a good indicator to identify elderly patients at risk of sarcopenia. in this study, we investigated the prevalence of sarcopenia and the relationship between sarcopenia and phA or body mass index (BMi) as nutritional factors, and evaluated the discrimination performance of these nutritional factors for sarcopenia in 210 kidney transplant recipients. The median age was 55 years and 11.1% had sarcopenia. This prevalence of sarcopenia was lower than previous reports in kidney transplant recipients, maybe because of the differences in sarcopenia definitions and population demographics such as age, sex, race, and comorbidities. Both phA and BMi were negatively correlated with sarcopenia after adjusting for age, sex, dialysis vintage, time after transplant, presence of diabetes mellitus, hemoglobin, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and the other nutritional factor. The discrimination performance for phA and BMi had enough power to detect sarcopenia. these results suggest that phA and BMi can be used in clinical practice to predict sarcopenia in kidney transplant patients.
The aim of the study is to clarify the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) in the development of renal fibrosis in mouse obstructive nephropathy. We used mice with floxed HIF-1α alleles and tamoxifen-inducible Cre/ERT2 recombinase under ubiquitin C promoter to induce global HIF-1α deletion. Following tamoxifen administration, mice were subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). At 3, 7 and 14 days after UUO, renal gene expression profiles and interstitial fibrosis were assessed. HIF-1 dependent up-regulation of prolyl hydroxylase 3 and glucose transporter-1 was observed in the obstructed kidney at 3 and 7 days but not at 14 days after UUO. Various factors promoting fibrosis were up-regulated during the development of fibrosis. HIF-1 dependent gene expression of profibrotic molecules, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, connective tissue growth factor, lysyl oxidase like 2 and transglutaminase 2 was observed in the obstructed kidney but such HIF-1 dependency was limited to the early onset of renal fibrosis. Global HIF-1 deletion tended to attenuate interstitial collagen I deposition at 3 days but had no effects thereafter. It is suggested that HIF-1 dependent profibrogenic mechanisms are operating at the early onset of renal fibrosis but its contribution declines with the progression in mouse UUO model.
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