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This research report six municipalities (Kanazawa, Hirosaki, Fukui, Onomichi, Nagato, and Kamiyama) that have succeeded in mitigating the damage of population decline by keeping the net migration loss as little as possible.These six municipalities vary in their population and their policy to counteract the population decline differ. In some municipalities, non-governmental sector plays more important role than municipal government. In the era of population decline, it is nearly impossible to gain its population by natural birth, however, it is possible to mitigate the population decline by reducing net migration loss or to have net migration gain as verified through these case studies.

Federal Government had enacted "Stadtumbau Ost Program" from 2002 to 2016 in order to combat issues that were associated with population shrinking in former East German cities. The program had several measures in its menu. This study focuses on one of these measures, dismantling of prefabricated housing, to understand how local government prepared the plan for shrinking, which was required in order to get the program's fund, and how the plan was actually implemented. The study surveyed all the dismantling building inventories in Sachesndorf-Madlow, which was the largest prefabricated housing district in the State of Brandenburg, in Cottbus. The study found that there were some disparities between the plan and its implication. The disparities were mainly due to the difference of behavior of housing companies regarding obediency to the plan. The result of the study implies that the shrinking plan of Cottbus was lucid, however, actual shrinking plan needs more detailed planning with collaboration with stakeholders, i.e. housing companies.