Island. Community outreach activities included radio ads, as well as distribution of patient handouts and wallet cards at community events.Practice innovation: To our knowledge, this was the first statewide pharmacist-driven academic detailing and community outreach campaign to promote adult pneumococcal vaccination.Evaluation: Academically-detailed immunization providers received a six-question survey.Pneumococcal disease rate differences between the study periods were evaluated with Fisher's exact tests, while changes in vaccination were assessed with chi-square tests.Results: From November 2013 through July 2015, our academic detailers visited and/or distributed our vaccination pathway materials to over 400 practice sites across Rhode Island, Vaccination increased while pneumococcal disease decreased during the study period.8 Key PointsBackground

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In our retrospective cohort study, we evaluated trends in pharmacist-administered pediatric influenza vaccination rates in the United States and corresponding state-level pharmacist pediatric vaccination authorization models, including minimum age requirements, vaccination protocols, and/or prescription requirements. An administrative health claims database was used to capture influenza vaccinations in children less than 18 years old with 1 year of continuous enrollment and joinpoint regression was used to assess trends. Of the 3,937,376 pediatric influenza vaccinations identified over the study period, only 3.2% were pharmacist-administered (87.7% pediatrician offices, 2.3% convenience care clinics, 0.8% emergency care, and 6.0% other locations). Pharmacist-administered pediatric influenza vaccination was more commonly observed in older children (mean age 12.65 ± 3.26 years) and increased significantly by 19.2% annually over the study period (95% confidence interval 9.2%-30.2%, p < 0.05). The Northeast, with more restrictive authorization models, represented only 2.2% (n = 2816) of all pharmacist-administered pediatric influenza vaccinations. Utilization of pharmacist-administered pediatric influenza vaccination remains low. Providing children with greater access to vaccination with less restrictions may increase overall vaccination rates. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness Act, pharmacists will play a major role in vaccinating children.

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