To explore the mechanism of action of colchicine in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction (ACI) based on network pharmacology. The Swiss Target Prediction Database and CTD database were used to predict the target information of colchicine. ACI-related targets were retrieved using the GeneCards database, and the target protein interaction network (PPI) and active ingredient-target network were obtained by combining Cytoscape 3.7.1 software and R language. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis and gene function analysis (GO) enrichment analysis were performed using R language to preliminarily explore the multiple pharmacological mechanisms of action of colchicine. There were 200 targets identified by network parameter analysis; 958 ACI targets were identified. Overlapping comparisons allowed the extraction of 143 overlapping targets, and the top 30 targets were screened according to the topological isomerization parameters. Component-target networks were constructed. A PPI of overlapping targets was established to identify key targets. In addition, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis and GO functional enrichment analysis were performed to explore the multiple mechanisms of action of colchicine in the treatment of ACI. Colchicine treatment of ACI is characterized by multi-component, multi-target and multipathway, and can exert complex network regulation through the interaction between different targets, providing a new idea and new basis for further exploration of the mechanism of action of colchicine in the treatment of ACI.Abbreviations: ACI = acute cerebral infarction, GO = gene function, KEGG = Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, PPI = protein interaction network, VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor.