Swirling flow effectiveness on controlling the bulk mold flow has been acknowledged recently, concerning the productivity and its quality of continuous casting process. In this study, simple immersion nozzle without opposite face on the end of the nozzle is proposed. From the practical viewpoint, relationship between the throughput and bulk mold flow is investigated.

Three-dimensional finite element method simulation was performed to clarify the mechanism on surface replication in microinjection moulding and thermal nanoimprinting. In particular, the filling flow behaviour into micro-and nanosurface features was discussed in comparison with the experimental results. The simulation results and the experimental results of injection moulding show possibility of the generation of air traps in the filling stage and it is considered that those air traps have a strong relation with replication shape and replication rate. The simulation results of thermal imprinting revealed the penetration behaviour of polymer melt into nanosurface features and showed that the aspect ratio of the surface features and imprinting pressure and temperature influenced flow behaviour in thermal imprinting.

This study aims to develop a non-destructive test for the detection of invisible cracks in concrete covered with fiber reinforcement polymer (FRP) sheets using electrical impedance variation and phase transition. The fundamental test was performed considering the hypothesis that the concrete exhibits inductive and resistive properties. Some FRP-covered concrete specimens with an artificial crack were prepared. The study examined the frequency characteristics of impedance and phase under AC voltage with frequencies ranging from 1 kHz to 8 MHz. These frequency characteristics were examined using an impedance analyzer controlled by a computer. The impedance and phase were measured using a probe with two electrode terminals. The test results confirmed that in the range of approximately 3 MHz to 4 MHz, the capacitive phase property of cracked concrete changes to exhibit inductive characteristics. It was revealed that invisible cracks in FRP-covered concrete can be detected by measuring the frequency at the impedance local maximum value and the phase transition property.