The problem of synthesizing an optimal multicomponent separation system which is energy integrated is solved by a combined decomposition and dynamic programming technique. Dynamic programming is an optimization technique which allows the solution by decomposition of a multistage or serial optimization problem. Whenever the special serial structure is absent, again decomposition can be tried, but in this case it is by no means obvious how to decompose effectively the given problem into subproblems. In this paper the nonserial problem of synthesizing an energy integrated separation system is solved by decomposing the original problem so that a serial structure results.

= average deactivation function for 11 the reactions, of strength q, defined by eq 2 strengths, min-' strengths and reactants, min-' Registry No. Carbon, 7440-44-0. Literature Cited Absil. R. P. L.; Butt, J. B.; Dranoff, J. S. J. Catal. 1984. 8 5 , 415. Best, D. A.; Pachovsky, R. A.; Wojciechowski, B. W. Can. J. Chem. Eng. Best, D. A.; Wojciechowski, B. W. J. Catal. 1977, 47, 343. Blanding, F. H.; Ind. Eng. Chem. 1953, 45, 1186. Butt, J. 6.; Watcher, C. K.; Billimoria, R. M. Chem. Eng. Scl. 1978, 338 Beranek, L. Catal. Rev. Sci. Eng. 1977, 16(1), 25. Corella, J.; Asua, J. M. Can. J . Chem. Eng. 1981a, 59, 506. Coreila, J.; Asua, J. M. "Proceedlngs, 2nd Work( Congress 0' Chemical Engineering, Montreal, Canada, 198lb; Voi. 111, pp 225-22b. Corella, J.; Asua, J. M. Ind. Eng. Chem. frocessDes. Dev. 1982a, 21, 55. Coreiia, J.; Asua, J. M. Ind. Eng. Chem Process Des. Dev. 1982b, 27, 551. Corella, J.; Asua, J. M. An. Quim. 1984, 80, 715. Corella, J.; Bilbao, J.; Asua, J. M. Can. J. Chem. Eng. 198la, 5 9 , 647. Coreila, J.; Biibao. J ; Aznar, M. P. Int Chem. Eng. 1985a. 2 5 , 2. 1971, 49, 809. 1321. Coreila, J.; Bilbao. J.; Bllbao, R. An. Oulm 1984, 8 0 , 244. Corella, J.; Bilbao, R.: Artlgas, A.; Ing. 0, .m. 198lb. 152, 87. Corella, J.; Blibao, R.; Moilna, J. A. An. Qulm., 1985b. in press. Corella, J.: Iranzo, C.: Fernandez, A.; Labordeta, L. Ing. Ouim. 1983, 170, Coreiia, J.; Menendez, M. Chem. Eng. Sci., 1985~. submitted. Corelia, J.; Mollna, J. A. Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev., submitted. Corella, J.; Monzbn, A.; Butt, J. B.; Absil, R. P. L. J. Catal., submitted. Del Angel, G. A.; Coq, 8.: Figueras, F. Nouv. J. Chim. 1983, 7 , 173. Forzatti. P.; Buzzi-Ferraris, G.; Morbidelil, M.; Carra, S. Int. Chem. Eng. 1984, 2 4 , 85.The effects of internal stage recycle on the performance of a mixer-settler is studied with an unfavorable system where 2-ethylbutyric acld Is extracted from kerosene into water. The mixer is designed as a closed, unbaffled, cylindrical vessel operated with continuous-flow, no air-liquid interface, and no air-volute. The contractor is a single stage operated at a constant revolution per minute (rpm) with water as the dispersed phase. Solute concentrations in the feed range are in parts per million (ppm). Effects of efficiency, recovery, mass-transfer rate and coefficient of varying feed flow rate, solvent-to-feed ratio, and recycle ratio are investigated. Extract recycle improves performance even though the distribution ratio is low and varies around 1. Optimal efficiencies are obtained at a flow ratio equal to 1 which significantly improve with recycle and recycle ratios in the region of 0.5 are found to be independent of pure solvent flows.The inffuence of molstue on the thermal degradation of wood waste was investigated by pyrolyzing ground samples in a batch fkr#bed reactor at between 320 and 470 O C in hellurn at 101-104 kPa. The wood samples were heated at about 300 O C / min, so that drying and pyrolysls were simultaneous. The presence of moisture increased the yield of char by as much as ...

No abstract