This policy brief discusses the threat of maritime terrorism in the Tri-border area and the weaknesses of the Trilateral Cooperative Arrangement, a trilateral treaty between Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines that was set up to mitigate terrorism in the region. We also highlight the challenges associated with counter-terrorism in the region such as resource allocation considerations due to the national sovereignty-counter-terrorism dilemma and provide key policy recommendations aimed at policymakers and practitioners in the area.

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This Policy Brief analyses the suicide bombing phenomenon in the Philippines. The frequency of suicide bombing in January 2019 is unprecedented in Mindanao. The Sawadjaan faction of the Abu Sayyaf had since proactively attempted suicide bombing attacks to varying levels of success. This article highlights the three trends of suicide bombing in Mindanao and outlines measures the authorities can take to combat the threat.