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The prevalence of renal cysts increases with age and shows a remarkable difference in incidence by sex. Renal cysts progress in size and number, and appear to grow more rapidly in younger patients. The natural history of multiloculated cysts may be distinct from that of simple cysts and warrants further investigation.

Our findings suggest that the frequency of emergency drainage in elderly patients with poor performance status has increased in recent years, at least in our rural area of Japan. Preventing calculous formation and urinary tract infection in individuals with poor performance status will be of considerable importance in the future.

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