OBJECTIVE:To assess the value of single-dose, intravenous, prophylactic antibiotic in the prevention of wound infections during tension free inguinal hernia mesh repair by a double-blind, prospective, randomized trial. BACKGROUND: Hernia repair is considered as one of the so-called 'clean' operations which may not require antibiotic coverage. Many surgeons, however, continue to give antibiotics empirically, as prophylaxis. This practice was more widely used after the establishment of the tension-free mesh repair technique as the method of choice for hernia repair, because of the fear of infection of the introduced foreign body. Several controlled randomised trials have been published on this topic, even before the introduction of the mesh repair techniques, however results are conflicting. METHODS AND MATERIALS: 200 patients were included in the study and the study population was randomized in two groups. The study group was administered parenteral cefazolin while the control group received placebo preoperatively. Follow up was done for 30 days post-surgery which included 180patients.The study was a double-blind randomized controlled trial, the results of which were analyzed statistically. RESULT: The overall infection rate was 8.3% (15 out of 180). The incidence of wound infection in antibiotic group was 7.4% and 9.3% in control group. There was no statistically significant difference in the infection rates between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Antibiotics showed a protective effect in preventing SSI after mesh inguinal hernia repair. However significant values cannot be obtained and cost effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis needs further evaluation. Therefore routine use is not recommended.

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Background and Objectives. The objectives of this study are to report a single institute and single surgeon outcomes comparing 3D laparoscopic radical prostatectomy vs robotically assisted technique in the form of preoperative, intraoperative, or postoperative parameters. Materials and Methods. A prospective randomized comparative study was performed from 1st January 2020 to 30th June 2021. All patients included were diagnosed with localized/locally advanced ca prostate. 60 patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomized into 2 groups. Groups A and B included patients who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy and 3D laparoscopic transperitoneal radical prostatectomy, respectively. Various demographic, intraoperative, postoperative, and follow-up parameters were collected. Outcomes were evaluated in the form of the trifecta (continence, potency, and BCR-free status) and pentafecta rates (trifecta with no perioperative complications and negative surgical margins) in between the two groups. Results. The mean operative time in Group A was 137.83 mins ± 17.27 compared to 148.20 mins ± 26.16 in Group B. Trifecta rates in Group A and Group B were 43.3%, 63.3%, and 76.6% and 40%, 53.3%, and 70% at 1, 3, and 6 months. Pentafecta rates in Group A and Group B were 36.6%, 53.3%, and 70% and 33.3%, 40%, and 53.3% at 1, 3, and 6 months. Complication rates were 10% in Group A and 13.3% in Group B, respectively. Only one patient in our study (Group B) had a positive surgical margin. Conclusions. We conclude from our comparative study, that both robot-assisted and 3D laparoscopic transperitoneal radical prostatectomy are feasible and efficacious treatment modalities for achieving acceptable trifecta and pentafecta rates in managing ca prostate with earlier continence and shorter urethrovesical anastomosis time in the robotic arm.

Background Bilateral ectopic pelvic kidneys are rarely observed, and cake form of fusion is a relatively distinct anomaly. With the presence of aberrant vasculature and risk of injuring surrounding viscera, conventional treatment of symptomatic calculi with percutaneous and retrograde approaches, become challenging for the urologist. 3D Laparoscopic approach is safe, reduces patient morbidity and avoids open surgery. Case presentation We herein report a case of 44-year-old female with symptomatic calculi in a pelvic cake kidney, which was adequately managed by 3D laparoscopic transperitoneal pyelolithotomy. Preoperatively, CT imaging and fluoroscopy were performed. The surgery lasted for 156 min, and complete stone clearance was achieved. Postoperative course was uneventful, and patient was discharged in 72 h. Conclusions 3D Laparoscopic pyelolithotomy is an acceptable and efficient treatment modality for symptomatic calculi in ectopic fused pelvic kidneys with a malrotated orientation.