The oil well drilling and oil processing industries are globally the main contaminants of environmental condition caused by human economic activities. Oil spills have a negative impact on the environment, economy, and society. In this research, the effects of oil with different chemical contents on soil types formed in two soil-climatic conditions have been studied. The purpose of this research is to study the change of soil properties by oil pollution. The experiments have been conducted in irrigated and non-irrigated soils of the desert region of the Kashkadarya and Surkhandarya (Uzbekistan). The results have shown that aggregates (0.25; 0.5; 1; 2; 3; 5; 7; 10 mm) which are the important of soil fertility have changed by oil and oil production, and the changes have proven to be temporary. The effect of the 5% and 15% concentrations of oil, engine oil, petrol, kerosene has been studied. The aggregates 0.25 mm and 0.5 mm have the biggest change among aggregates, in fact, aggregates of 0.25 mm at the level of 5% of oil decreased by 27.02%, at the level of 15% of oil decreased by 99.8%, at the level of 5% of kerosene decreased by 2%, at the level of 15% of oil decreased by 98.1%. Aggregates of 0.5 mm at the level of 5% of oil decreased by 6.44%, at the level of 15% of oil decreased by 67.14%, at the level of 5% of kerosene decreased by 12.75%, at the level of 15% of oil decreased by 92.8%. Engine oil and Petrol at levels 5 and 15 have relatively rare changed. Also, as a result of oil and oil pollution, the total carbon dioxide in the soil has grown briefly, which is an anthropogenic carbon and insignificant for soil fertility and humus. As a result, an anthropogenic carbon increased in gray-brown soil (Durisols Technic, WRB) at 0 – 35 cm layer by 0.22%, irrigated meadow-alluvial soil (Fluvisols, WRB) by 0.31%, irrigated gray-brown soil (Durisols Technic, WRB) by 0.44%, irrigated Takyr-meadow soil (Calsisols, WRB) by 0.25%, Takyr soil (Calsisols, WRB) by 0.32%, sandy Desert soil (Durisols Technic, WRB) by 0.21%.

The goal of this chapter is to analyze the socio-economic role of value-added agriculture (VAA) for Central Asian (CA) countries. The agricultural sector of the region provides raw materials for the food, textile, and leather industry. Cotton, wheat, rice, and fruit (fresh and dried) play an important role in the foreign trade of each CA country. These countries have unrealized potential for storing, freezing, processing, and packaging of the wide nomenclature of fruit, food production, and drinks with the organization of their further exports to perspective markets. Adding value to agricultural products lead to increasing the share of finished goods in export, supplying import-substituting products, improving infrastructure in rural areas, providing new jobs, and growing farmers' income. Based on the analysis, the authors recommend using value-added agriculture for the CA countries by attracting domestic and foreign investments to rural areas, establishing tax incentives, and allocating preferential credits for agribusiness.

This research paper provides a method for calculating airborne sound insulation by encloses from volumetric-block buildings. The choice of the most suitable construction solution for the technical condition of objects at the design stage for building elements should primarily provide insulation from sound and a safe mode inside buildings, in which protection conditions in the combination of energy efficiency and stability should be taken into account, as well as competent decisions and its impact on the construction process buildings. Numerous scientific studies show the negative effect of sound on human health by the occurrence of various diseases such as cognitive impairment of the fetus in reproductive people, sleep disturbances, tinnitus, irritation, and dysfunction of some human organs. Therefore, sound exposure should be considered a source of inconvenience and a source of harm to human health. Sound waves collide with the surfaces of enclosing structures, causing them to vibrate and transmit the negative effects of the air around them in adjoining rooms, in which, from the point of view of regulatory requirements, in many cases, it does not meet the requirements, since comfort also depends on the design and sound insulation of the volumetric-block buildings. Many of these problems are easily solved at the design stage by choosing the right design solution and calculating the soundproofing qualities of the enclosing structures. In particular, one of the main tasks at the design stage is the development of structural solutions for internal enclosing structures that have a relatively small mass that allows reducing the load on the supporting structures of the building and plummets the material consumption of construction. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure compliance with the regulatory requirements for the isolation of airborne sound of enclosing structures.

The paper is devoted to estimation of impact of selected economic indicators (gross regional product per capita, foreign direct investment per capita, and the average monthly nominal wage of the regular employee) on export of goods per capita of regions of Ukraine. It is based on the data of State Statistics Service of Ukraine for 2010-2015. The prepared regression model confirms that all above-mentioned indicators have a positive impact on export trade activities at a regional level of the country. Though, the level of influence of the indicators on export of goods per capita is different. The results of the paper show that the impact of foreign direct investment on export activities was not statistically significant. Gross regional product positively affects this indicator. The lowest influence on the export of goods per capita is observed for the average monthly nominal wage of the regular employee. JEL classification:F10.

This research paper provides the main issues that need to be addressed for the development of a domestic scientific school on the design of energy-efficient buildings and discusses issues pertaining to their widespread introduction in the Republic of Uzbekistan. In addition, this paper presents the results of the scientific research carried in this field at the Tashkent State Transport University.