To evaluate the effectiveness low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the repair of the mid palatal suture, after rapid maxillary expansion (RME). A single-operator, randomized single-blind placebo-controlled study was performed at the Orthodontic Department at the Dental Hospital of Bellvitge. Barcelona University, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain. Thirty-nine children (range 6-12 years old), completed RME and were randomized to receive active LLLT (n = 20) or placebo (n = 19). The laser parameters and dose were 660 nm, 100 mW, CW, InGaAlP laser, illuminated area 0.26 cm(2), 332 mW/cm(2), 60 s to four points along midpalatal suture, and 30 s to a point each side of the suture. A total of seven applications were made on days 1, 7, 14, 28, 42, 56, and 70 of the retention phase RME. A cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan was carried out on the day of the first laser treatment, and at day 75, a second CBCT scan was performed. Two radiologists synchronized the slices of two scans to be assessed. P = 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. At day 75 of the suture, the irradiated patients presented a greater percentage of approximate zones in the anterior (p = 0.008) and posterior (p = 0.001) superior suture-and less approximation in the posterior superior suture (p = 0.040)-than the placebo group. LLLT appears to stimulate the repair process during retention phase after RME.
Varying the wavelength with a reasonable dose in the target zone leads to obtaining the desired biological effect and achieving a reduction of the orthodontic treatment time, although there are studies that do not demonstrate any benefit according to their values.
Eight flax cultivar were evaluated for powdery mildew resistance under field conditions , C.I. 2008, Cortland, Linore and the local cultivars Giza 8 , Giza 7 were highly susceptible. Disease severities on these cultivars were 100.00, 99.48 and 95.26 , 93.46 and 87.26%respectively. On the other hand, cultivars Williston brown, Wilden and Dokota were highly resistant,with disease severities on these cultivars were 27.58, 25.11 and 19.67%, respectively. SDS-PAGE, RAPD analysis by using four primers and double diffusion test (DDT) were used to differentiate between resistance and susceptible genotypes. RAPD analysis by using primer no. 6 and DDT were able, at least partially, to differentiate between resistant and susceptible genotypes, while SDS-PAGE was unable to differentiate between cultivars of the two groups.
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