The CIE Standard General Sky divides the luminance distributions of skies into 15 types, ranging from overcast sky to clear sky. Finding the type of sky from the set of CIE Standard General Skies is a difficult task. This is due to the need for accurate luminance measurements over a long period of time because such data are not available in many regions around the world and to the difficulty in obtaining accurate readings for the zenith luminance. This study presents a method whereby the ratio of the vertical sky illuminance (or irradiance) on two surfaces or the ratio of vertical sky illuminance to the horizontal sky illuminance can be used to classify a sky into one of the CIE Standard General Skies.

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Saudi Arabia is considered one of the largest oil consumer countries. The country's contribution to global warming is continuously growing; local consumption of electrical energy is high and the demand is rapidly increasing. Based on the Kingdom's current energy status and its future plans, solar energy is shown as an attractive alternative, ample, reliable and clean resource for sustainable development. This study, review and investigates the potential of implementing solar energy into the Saudi residential sector by optimizing the integration of PV technology into buildings. The study field is confined to the typical Saudi house. Different BIPV placement methods were proposed and investigated through varied cases. Every case was parametrically tested solo in site so its highest energy potential could be measured first, creating a comparative baseline for its potential within the neighborhood-tested scenarios. The resulting impact was measured and analyzed through the measures of energy generation and consumption.

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