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The study was conducted at Upazila Livestock Development Centre, Kapasia, Gazipur, during July, 2011 to December, 2011 to identify and determine the prevalence of clinical diseases and disorders of goats. A total number of 488 clinical cases of goats were recorded. Diagnosis of the clinical cases of goats were based on general examination (history and owner’s complaint), physical examination of patient (inspection, palpation and percussion), clinical examination, microscopic examination and using common laboratory techniques. The clinical cases were divided into three groups on the basis of treatment required-medicinal, gynaeco-obstetrical and surgical cases. Among the three types of cases, medicinal cases 428(87.72%) were highest followed surgical cases 43(8.80%) and gynaeco-obstetrical cases 17(3.48%). Among the medicinal cases of goats, the contagious diseases PPR 32(6.56%), black quarter 23(4.73%) fascioliasis 77(15.78%), diarrhoea 35(7.17%), dysentery 30(6.15%), ectoparasitism 30(6.15%), paramphistomiasis 25(5.12%), gastrointestinal nematodiasis 21(4.3%), fever 20(4.1%) were recorded major disease problems in goats. Among the gynaeco-obstetrical cases, retained placenta 5(1.02%) and repeat breeding 12(2.46 %) were recorded as major gynaeco-obstetrical problems in goats. Abscess 9(1.84 %), castration 4(0.81%), myiasis 10(2.05%), navel-ill 7(1.43%), gid disease 2(0.41%), urolithiasis 5(1.02%) and fracture 6(1.23%) were recognized as the main disorders which required surgical interventions. It may conclude that a number of diseases have been occurring in goats at study area and this report may help to develop strategies against major diseases reported in this study.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(1): 47-52

Histoarchitecture effect of cypermethrin was investigated in the gills and liver of freshwater catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (weight 60-70g) over an exposure period of 96 h as an endpoint of toxicity. The fish were exposed to five acute concentrations (0.00ml/L, 0.025ml/L, 0.050ml/L, 0.075ml/L and 0.10ml/L) and the 96 h LC 50 was 0.075 ml/L. The physical reactions observed in the treated fish were erratic swimming, discolorations of the skin, loss of reflex, hyperactivities, surfacing, increasing opercula ventilation and these effects increased with increasing concentration of the toxicants and duration of exposure. The most common changes in gills histoarchitecture at all doses of cypermethrin were curl shape gill lamellae, bulged with the fusion of secondary gill lamellae, severe epithelial necrosis in gill lamellae and hypertrophy. The changes observed in the liver tissues were cloudy swelling, focal necrosis and hypertrophy of hepatocytes, degeneration of hepatocytes and cytoplasmic, extensive vacuolation of hepatocytes and pyknotic nuclei. The results of this histoarchitecture analysis of gills and liver tissues indicate a direct correlation between cypermethrin exposure and the histoarchitecture disorders.

Correction: On 29th April 2015 the page numbers of this article were changed from 159-166 to 161-168.The present study was conducted to evaluate the impacts of aqua-drugs and chemicals on fish health and production in Mymensingh, Bangladesh from July 2013 to June 2014. Data were collected through personal contact, market survey, focus group discussion and participatory rural appraisal with fish farmers, associations and aqua-drug sellers. Fifty five different types of aqua-drugs and chemicals were recorded in the study area, among those, 20 types were widely used by the farmers for different fish disease treatment. It was recorded that renamycine, cotrim vet, ossi-c, polgard plus and timsen were used for the treatment of EUS in pangus, tilapia and koi which had an average recovery of 75-85%. For the treatment of edwardsiellosis in pangus and koi, farmers used potassium permanganate, timsen, polgard plus, geolite gold and renamycine which had an average recovery of 65-80%, and for the treatment of dropsy in tilapia, aquamycine, ossi-c and potassium permanganate were used which had an average of 80-85% recovery. Histopathology of gill and liver of fishes were almost normal in control ponds, whereas, in drugs treated ponds the organs had pathological changes like necrosis, pyknotic cells, hemorrhage, hypertrophy, lamellar missing, talengiactasis and vacuums. However, production of pangus, tilapia and koi was 12000 kg/acre, 15000 kg/acre and 14000 kg/acre in drug treated ponds respectively, whereas, it was 5000 kg/acre, 9000 kg/acre and 8000 kg/acre in non-treaded ponds respectively.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.2(1): 161-168, April 2015

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