This work represents the performance evaluation of DS-CDMA in a Rayleigh fading environment. Performance analysis was carried out for a DS-CDMA system to evaluate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) and bit error rate (BER) for different modulation schemes like ASK, PSK and FSK. Results were evaluated at different data rates and were presented in terms of SNR, SIR and BER. Computer simulation was also carried out by using Matlab to evaluate the signal waveforms with and without addition white Gaussian noise (AWGN). Butterworth filtered waveform was given to get better signal quality. Decoded output waveforms were also evaluated to confirm the simulation.
To identify the potential groundwater bearing zones for future groundwater resources development of the study area, an investigation has been made using lithology, groundwater monitoring and elevation data. The stratigraphic cross-sections of the area reveal six distinct hydrostratigraphic features viz. clay-silt-sand, fine sand, fine to medium sand, medium sand, medium to coarse sand and coarse sand. On the basis of lithological information, the groundwater bearing zone of the area has been divided into two main hydrostratigraphic units viz. aquitard and aquifer, which consist of clay-silt-sand and sands of different grain sizes respectively. The aquifer zone is further divided into two categories: "small scale aquifer" made dominantly of fine and "main aquifer" comprising of fine-medium to coarse sand. The annual fluctuation of water table in the study area is observed from 4.9 m to 5.6 m. The area is demarcated as three different groundwater bearing zones based on Catastrophe theory using GIS.
This study finds 1D, 2D and 3D morphometric parameters of the middle-west part of Kushtia district, Bangladesh to implement groundwater potential. For this purpose, the SRTM (DEM) data were used to compute different parameters in GIS environment. The values of 1D parameters like stream order, stream length and mean bifurcation ratio was calculated as 6, 1774.72 km and 2.08 respectively. The computed values of drainage density (0.01 -23.06 km/km 2 ), stream frequency (1 -5.64 per km 2 ), drainage texture (0.25 -0.70 km/km 4 ), length of overland flow (0.02 -45.05 km 2 /km), constant of channel maintenance (0.04 -90.04 km 2 /km), circularity ratio (0.39 -0.84), form factor (0.35), elongation ratio (0.62), relief ratio (0.00 -1.81) and ruggedness number (0.04 -214.72) disclose the morphometrical conditions of the study area. The results revealed from this study on drainage morphometry can be a great assistance for understanding the hydro-geomorphological character of the area.
The present study has been undertaken to depict spatial distribution of different aquifer parameters in the eastern part of Kushtia district through a detailed hydrogeological survey. For this investigation, 119 lithologs and 92 pumping test data have been used. These data have been processed, analyzed, interpreted and krigged for the spatial assessment of the aquifer properties viz. transmissivity, hydraulic conductivity, hydraulic diffusivity, specific yield, radius of influence, and specific drawdown. It is seen from the investigation that the transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity values obtained from the pumping tests of the wells are varying from 1811 m 2 /day to 2568 m 2 /day and 32.5 m/day and 61.5 m/day respectively, the hydraulic diffusivity being ranging from 181,143 m 2 /day to 256,788 m 2 /day. The estimated specific yield of 17.97%-23.46% supports that the area is dominated with coarse grained sands. This study reveals that the distribution of deep tube wells in the area are not within the radius of influence (638-760 m) each other, but few shallow and hand tube wells existed within the radius of influence. The estimated specific draw down is varying from 57 m/cumec to 126.1 m/cumec. From the overall analysis, it is found that the area is favorable for groundwater exploration.
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