We demonstrated the efficacy and safety of single-session acne scar treatment using FPS and CO(2) FS in East Asian patients. We believe that our study could be used as an essential reference when choosing laser modalities for scar treatment.

0.047 and 0.117, respectively. Overall, among the ALL patients only 20.6% carried at least one of the polymorphisms, while this rate was 34.6% within the control population. This difference is statistically significant (w 2 ¼ 5.2266, Po0.025). The results are summarized in Table 1. No significant differences were observed concerning ALL immunophenotype, sex, age at diagnosis, survival rate, or risk of relapse.These results implicate that the two polymorphisms A3V and T9I do not increase the risk of ALL in children, but rather suggest that they could convey a protective effect. Roddam et al.

Background:MicroRNAs are noncoding regulatory RNAs strongly implicated in carcinogenesis, cell survival, and chemosensitivity. Here, microRNAs associated with chemoresistance in ovarian carcinoma, the most lethal of gynaecological malignancies, were identified and their functional effects in chemoresistant ovarian cancer cells were assessed.Methods:MicroRNA expression in paclitaxel (PTX)-resistant SKpac sublines was compared with that of the PTX-sensitive, parental SKOV3 ovarian cancer cell line using microarray and qRT–PCR. The function of differentially expressed microRNAs in chemoresistant ovarian cancer was further evaluated by apoptosis, cell proliferation, and migration assays.Results:Upregulation of miR-106a and downregulation of miR-591 were associated with PTX resistance in ovarian cancer cells and human tumour samples. Transfection with anti-miR-106a or pre-miR-591 resensitized PTX-resistant SKpac cells to PTX by enhancing apoptosis (23 and 42% increase), and inhibited their cell migration (43 and 56% decrease) and proliferation (64 and 65% decrease). Furthermore, ZEB1 was identified as a novel target gene of miR-591, and BCL10 and caspase-7 were target genes of miR-106a, as identified by immunoblotting and luciferase assay.Conclusion:MiR-106a and miR-591 have important roles in conferring PTX resistance to ovarian cancer cells. Modulation of these microRNAs resensitizes PTX-resistant cancer cells by targeting BCL10, caspase-7, and ZEB1.

Chitosans have been proposed as alternative, biocompatible cationic polymers for nonviral gene delivery. However, the low transfection efficiency and low specificity of chitosan need to be addressed before clinical application. We prepared galactosylated chitosan-graft-polyethylenimine (GC-g-PEI) copolymer by an imine reaction between periodate-oxidized GC and low-molecular-weight PEI. The molecular weight and composition were characterized using gel permeation chromatography column with multi-angle laser scattering and (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance, respectively. The copolymer was complexed with plasmid DNA in various copolymer/DNA (N/P) charge ratios, and the complexes were characterized. GC-g-PEI showed good DNA-binding ability and superior protection of DNA from nuclease attack and had low cytotoxicity compared to PEI 25K. GC-g-PEI/DNA complexes showed higher transfection efficiency than PEI 25K in both HepG2 and HeLa cell lines. Transfection efficiency into HepG2, which has asialoglycoprotein receptors, was higher than that into HeLa, which does not. GC-g-PEI/DNA complexes also transfected liver cells in vivo after intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration more effectively than PEI 25K. These results suggest that GC-g-PEI can be used in gene therapy to improve transfection efficiency and hepatocyte specificity in vitro and in vivo.

The effectiveness of animal mucin solutions in terms of their rheological properties was objectively confirmed, indicating a vital role for mucin in proper oral function as well as the development of effective salivary substitutes.