Traditionally, platelets are known to play an important role in haemostasis and thrombosis; however, they serve also as important modulators of inflammation and immunity. Platelets secrete adhesion molecules and cytokines, interact with leukocytes and endothelium, and express toll‐like receptors involved in a direct interaction with pathogens. Platelets express A2A and A2B subtypes of receptors for adenosine. The activation of these receptors leads to an increase in cAMP concentration in the cytoplasm, thereby resulting in inhibited secretion of pro‐inflammatory mediators and reduced cell activation. Therefore, platelet adenosine receptors could be a potential target for inhibiting platelet activation and thus down‐regulating inflammation or immunity. The biological effects of adenosine are short‐lasting, because the compound is rapidly metabolized; hence, its lability has triggered efforts to synthesize new, longer‐lasting adenosine analogues. In this article, we have reviewed the literature regarding the pharmacological potential of adenosine and other agonists of A2A and A2B receptors to affect platelet function during inflammation.

Evaluation of CSF pleocytosis is routinely determined by microscopic examination. To shorten TAT automated methods are used. The aim of this study was to compare the automatic and microscopic methods in the evaluation of pleocytosis and the differentiation of white blood cells in CSF. Cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected from 89 patients. The examination was performed microscopically using the Fuchs-Rosenthal chamber and flow cytometry. There were no significant differences in group A (Pleocytosis <5 cells/μL) and B (Pleocytosis 5-600 cells/μL) in the WBC parameter. In group B, a statistical difference was found in PMN and MN parameters between these two methods (p <0.01). Negative bias for the PMN parameter and positive for the MN parameter were found in group B. The results showed that the determination of cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis by an automatic and microscopic methods are comparable. Qualitative changes in white blood cells limited these differentiation by flow cytometry method, so microscopic examination is mandatory