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Rapeseed is an important oil crop worldwide, with an annual production of more than 70 million tons. Rapeseed meal (RSM) is a by-product of rapeseed oil production and is second after soybean meal (SBM) in the world production of protein meal. Rapeseed meal derived from black-seeded winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) usually contains between 35 and 40% of crude protein (CP), which is considered to be one of the more valuable plant proteins. It has a good balance of essential amino acids and a very high protein efficiency ratio (PER=3.29). However, full utilisation of this protein is difficult due to presence of the non-protein components of the seed which are associated with it. These are called antinutritional factors and they limit the utilisation of RSM in monogastric animal nutrition. The main antinutritional factors in RSM are dietary fibre, glucosinolates, phytic acid, and phenolic compounds (sinapine, tannins). For many years, research has been conducted in many centers around the world to improve the nutritional value of RSM, which will consequently increase its use in feeding monogastric animals. The attempts that have been undertaken include breeding strategy, optimisation, modernisation and better control of the oil extraction process, as well as technological treatments of seeds and meal. This review provides information on how RSM has evolved in recent years, as well as on its nutritive value, particularly protein, fibre and glucosinolate content. Techniques which have been used to improve the nutritional value of rapeseed products are also discussed. However, the used methods do not allow for full replacement soybean meal by RSM in monogastric animal nutrition.

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Consumer acceptance of a variety of products, including bread is currently a very important economic andpsychological criterion. Thus, understanding of consumer behaviour and preference should help bread manufacturersto satisfy the customers, particularly during launching new products. The study objective was toinvestigate preferences and expectations of Polish consumers concerning bread products as well as their comparisonwith manufacturers opinions. Surveys were collected using CATI method. Obtained results testifiedabout clear differentiation of consumer requirements in relation to bread. It has been shown that preferencesof bread consumers are connected with such factors as: sex, age, place of residence, employment, educationand financial situation. Diverse demands of consumers result in a wide range of bread products on the marketand a need for improving their quality and promotion of new brands.