Steering knuckle is one of the critical components for a four wheel vehicle which links suspension, steering system, wheel hub and brake to the chassis. While undergoing varying loads subjected to different conditions, it doesn’t affect vehicle steering performance and other desired vehicle characteristics. The static strength test for steering knuckle is necessary to validate the component according to the application. Here, the steering arm static analysis of steering knuckle was done by using finite element analysis (FEA software) and experimental testing by using hydraulic actuators and fixtures. The result from the virtual Analysis and Experimental analysis has been compared and validated for the SG Iron Steering knuckle.

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In general, most highway bridges are constructed using prestressed concrete or steel girders. Mechanical joints are provided at the end of each span, to allow for the expansion of the bridge deck due to shrinkage of concrete, thermal effects, and deflections, among others. Smooth riding ability, low noise, wear resistance, and water tightness should be provided by expansion joints. In recent times, the increased traffic volume, along with heavier vehicle movements, adversely affects the performance of expansion joints in the bridge girder, causing a possible failure in one of the above-mentioned mechanisms. The deterioration of the expansion joint may result in leakage of water, concrete cracking, and potential problems in the underlying substructure. In this paper, we study the pier-pier cap connections in integral bridges subjected to thermal and seismic loads using analytical methods and experimental tests.