Increasing problems of calcium deficiency with advanced age, it becomes the need of time to focus attention towards parathyroid glands as one of the essential entity. Hence the present study has been undertaken to have an idea about normal variation in the gland as per age. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Parathyroid glands from 25 autopsied cases of 20 to 59 years were studied after staining with Hematoxylin and Eosin, Masson"s Trichrome and Gomori"s Reticulin stains. RESULTS: Stroma composed of short often branching reticular fibers along with blood vessels and fat cells. By statistical examination, it was revealed that as age advances amount of stromal fat increased, reaching a peak in age groups between 40-49 years and then slightly decreased irrespective of sex. Oxyphil cells being less numerous than chief cells were distinguished by their dark eosinophilic, granular cytoplasm and arranged mostly in closely packed groups. Oxyphil cells also found as placed singly among chief cells and as continuous masses or anastomosing columns. The number of oxyphil cells increased as age advances irrespective of sex. CONCLUSIONS: The amount of stromal fat increased as age advances and it reached to a peak in the middle of the 5th decade thereafter it slightly decreased and also the number of oxyphil cells increased as age advances irrespective of sex.

Increase in number of patients suffering from backache all over the world needs changing health policies & cost benefit analysis. Hence with this aim the morphometric study of Lumbar Vertebral Canal was undertaken. AIMS: To reveal sexual dimorphism in human Lumbar Vertebral Canal. METHODS & MATERIALS: The material from 50 cadaveric specimens of the Lumbar Vertebra (intact) extending from the upper border of L1 to upper border of S1 including intervertebral discs were studied. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data was presented in mean± standard deviation and categorical variable were represented in percentage. Comparison of measurement of Lumbar Canal in Males and females was done by unpaired "t" test. RESULTS: By statistical examination, the measurement of Lumbar Canal and vertebral body is greater in males than females of same age groups. The various dimensions of the canal and body of dissected segments were measured at all levels. CONCLUSION: The total measurement of canal in male is greater than female and the total measurements of body is also greater in male than female. The height of Lumbar Canal is more in male than female. KEYWORDS: Sexual dimorphism (differences) of Lumbar Canal. INTRODUCTION: Determination of sex from Lumbar Canal of an individual specimen includes examination of every segment of lumbar region. The examination of the bones helps in establishing personal identity in archeological specimen obtained after excavation as was well as in medico legal cases. This work is of great interest and will be helpful to Anthropologists, Anatomists, Forensic experts, Orthopaedicians and Radiologists. According to Ammonocufi (1982) 1 the canal body ratio is 0.6 at L1 & L2, 0.6 at L4 and 0.5 at L5 in female whereas, the canal body ratio is 0.6 at L1 and 0.5 at L2 to L5 in males. Vidarbha is a big region where race, climate and nutritional status vary. Abnormal movement, jerks caused by speed breakers or uneven surface during vehicles problems. Human lumbar canal is important due to factors like many movements, maintenance of upright posture and weight transmission. The lumbar canal is wider and contains cauda equina in place of spinal cord in the neurological involvement is rare. According to Hooton (1946) 2 "The determination of sex from the post cranial skeleton in easy in about 80% of cases, difficult but possible in another 10% of cases and quite dubious in the remaining". Krogman 3 (1946) pointed out that "even when the entire human body, pelvis and skull are available not more than 95% accuracy can be achieved." Whereas, according to Stewert (1954)

Increase in number of patients suffering from backache all over world needs changing health polices and cost benefit analysis, it is important to look at diseases causing low back pain and for this study of radiological structure of lumbar vertebral canal is undertaken. AIMS: To reveal the radiological feature of Human lumbar vertebral canal. METHOD AND MATERIAL: 50-xray of lumbar canal was collected from orthopedic department of government medical college, Nagpur. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data is presented in mean±standard deviation and categorical variable are presented in percentage. Comparison with previous study is done. RESULT: Maximum measurement as greater in male than female of same age group. CONCLUSION: The present study and previous studies are compared and the non-significant result is found.