Understaging and undertreatment are shown to contribute to high recurrence rates and death toll. To improve outcome, en bloc resection including central lymph node dissection should be the minimal surgical approach in any patient with suspected parathyroid cancer.

No abstract

SummaryPhaeochromocytoma crisis is an endocrine emergency associated with significant mortality. There is little published guidance on the management of phaeochromocytoma crisis. This clinical practice update summarizes the relevant published literature, including a detailed review of cases published in the past 5 years, and a proposed classification system. We review the recommended management of phaeochromocytoma crisis including the use of alpha-blockade, which is strongly associated with survival of a crisis. Mechanical circulatory supportive therapy (including intra-aortic balloon pump or extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation) is strongly recommended for patients with sustained hypotension. Surgical intervention should be deferred until medical stabilization is achieved.