The aerial parts of Ocimum gratissimum L. (Lamiaceae) harvested in Togo was steam-distilled and investigated for essential oil composition (GC and GC/MS) and in vitro antifungal activities. Thymol (31.79 %), p-cymene (15.57 %) and γ-terpinene (12.34 %) and were the major components of the oil. Other notable components identified in this oil were myrcene (6.94 %) and α-thujene (6.11 %).The in vitro antifungal activity was recorded with the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 80 to 150 µl.l-1, 150 to 500 µl.l-1  and from 100 to 150 µl.l-1 respectively on dermatophytes, imperfect filamentous fungi and pathogenic yeasts. Likewise, on tested fungi the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) varied from 300 µl.l-1 to 500 µl.l-1, 500 to 700 µl.l-1 and from 250 to 300 µl.l-1, respectively on dermatophytes, imperfect filamentous fungi and pathogenic yeasts. Keywords: O.gratissimum, Antifungal, Essential oil; Thymol. © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i1.1131Â
L’utilisation abusive des produits chimiques de synthèse pose un problème de santé publique. Afin de contribuer à la protection écologique durables des cultures, les effets aphicides in vitro de l’huile essentielle de Ocimum basilicum L. une plante de la flore togolaise et son composé majoritaire, l’estragole, ont été évalués sur les adultes du puceron Aphis gossypii. Les tests biologiques ont été effectués en laboratoire selon la méthode recommandée par Insecticide Resistance Action Commitee (IRAC) N° 1 Version 2. Les résultats obtenus ont révélé que l’huile essentielle de O. basilicum et l’estragole ont montré une activité insecticide intéressante sur les pucerons. La concentration minimale pour obtenir 100% de mortalité a été de 3 μL.mL-1 pour l’huile essentielle et de 2 μL.mL-1 pour l’estragole. Les DL50 obtenues sont de 1400 ppm pour l’huile essentielle et de 700 ppm pour l’estragole. L’huile essentielle et son composé majoritaire se sont révélés efficaces in vitro avec un effet de toxicité plus élevée de l’estragole sur A. gossypii. Les tests en milieu réel et l’évaluation de leur innocuité sur les organismes non cibles seront nécessaires pour confirmer l’intérêt de ces résultats dans l’élaboration d’une stratégie de gestion intégrée à l’aide de ces pesticides naturels contre ce ravageur redoutable. © 2020 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Mots clés: Cotonnier, Aphis gossypii, Ocimum basilicum, huile essentielle, estragole English Title: Aphicide effect of the essential oil of Ocimum basilum L. and its majority compound on cotton aphid Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Togo English Abstract The excessive use of synthetic chemicals is a public health issue. In order to contribute to sustainable ecological crop protection, in vitro aphicide effects of the essential oil of Ocimum basilicum L. a plant of Togolese flora and its majority compound, estragole, were evaluated on the adults of the aphid Aphis gossypii. Laboratory biological tests were conducted using the method recommended by the Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC) 1 Version 2. Results showed that essential oil of O. basilicum and estragole had interesting insecticidal activity on aphids. The minimum concentration to achieve 100% mortality was 3 μL.mL-1 for the essential oil and 2 μL.mL-1 for the estragole. Lethal Dose (LD50) values were 1400 ppm for the essential oil and 700 ppm for the estragole. The essential oil and its majority compound were effective in vitro with a higher toxicity effect of estragole on A. gossypii. Field tests and the evaluation of their safety on non-target organisms will be necessary to confirm the relevance of these results for an integrated management strategy development, using natural pesticides against this devastating pest. © 2020 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Keywords: cotton plant, Aphis gossypii, Ocimum basilicum, essential oil, estragole
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