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Décrire les différents types de transcrits de fusion moléculaire bcr-abl afin d'évaluer leur fréquence et étudier leurs influences sur les paramètres de l'hémogramme au diagnostic. Il s'agit d'une étude prospective de 34 patients porteurs d'une leucémie myéloïde chronique au Togo. La recherche des transcrits de fusion a été réalisée au laboratoire d'hématologie biologique de l'hôpital Henri Mondor à Créteil (France). L'âge moyen des patients était de 42,32±14,87 ans avec des extrêmes de 9 et 65ans. On notait une prédominance masculine avec un sex- ratio de 1,61 (21 hommes et 13 femmes). L'étude moléculaire révélait deux types de transcrits b3-a2 et b2-a2. Dix-neuf patients (55,88%) avaient le transcrit b3-a2, 13 (38,24%) le transcrit b2-a2 (32,10 %) et deux patients possédaient les deux types de transcrits b3-a2 et b2-a2 (5,88%). Au diagnostic, le taux d'hémoglobine moyen, le nombre moyen de globules blancs, le chiffre moyen des plaquettes chez les patients porteurs du transcrit b3-a2 étaient respectivement de 99,2g/l ; 207,63G/l et 451,28G/l. Pour les patients porteurs du transcrit b2-a2 les valeurs sont 104,6g/l, 114,32G/l et 486,11G/l. Les patients ayant les deux types de transcrit de fusion avaient respectivement 67g/l, 867G/l et 780G/l. Les paramètres de l'hémogramme sont significativement plus perturbés chez les patients porteurs des deux types de transcrits b3-a2 et b2-a2.

Determine cholesterol and triglyceride levels in patients with homozygous SS sickle cell during intercritical stage and study the influence of vaso-occlusive crisis on their rates. It was a case-control study during 6 month: one group of 70 homozygous SS sickle cell and a second group of 70 apparently healthy controls with normal hemoglobin AA. The average age of patients with sickle cell is 16, 22 ± 10.44 years (range 1 year and 40 years) against 28, 91 ± 15, 81 years (range 2 years and 66 years) for the controls. There was a male predominance in sickle cell disease (sex ratio = 1.41) while it was 0.94 for the controls. In the group of patients, about cholesterol, 47 (67.14%) had a low rate, 20 (28.57%) normal rate and 3 (4.29%) a high rate. For control, 24 (34.29%) had a low rate, 25 (35.71%) had at normal rate and 21 (30%) high rate. For HDL cholesterol, among sickle cell, 51 (72.86%) had a low rate, 16 (22.86%) a normal rate and 3 (4.28%) a high rate against respectively 43 (61.43%), 22 (31.43%) and 5 (7.14%) for controls. The calculation of the value of LDL cholesterol showed that for sickle cell disease, 68 (97.14%) had a low rate, 2 (2.86%) against a high rate respectively 49 (70%) and 21 (30%) for witnesses. Triglycerides dosing showed that among the sickle, 5 (7.14%) had a low rate, 56 (80%) normal rate and 9 (12, 86%) a high against respectively 5 (7.14%), 57 (81.42%) and 8 (11.42%) for controls. Analytically, total cholesterol and its derivatives was significantly lower in patients compared to controls. But the difference is not significant at triglycerides level between the two groups. During the study period, 19 patients with sickle cell disease (29.14%) had at least one pain crisis. The comparison of the value of different lipid fractions shows that there is no significant difference whether patients had or not crisis during the study period. There was a significant decrease in total cholesterol and its fractions (HDL and LDL) in homozygous SS sickle cell. The vaso-occlusive crisis does not affect these lipid parameters. We recommend to complete this preliminary study by a realization on a larger scale, by identifying lipid peroxidation markers of oxidative stress.

The aim of this study was the determination of hemoglobin (Hb) variants and ABO blood groups in a school population aged 6 to 9 years in the township of Agbandé-Yaka in North Togo. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 570 children of four primary schools at Agbande-Yaka, between March and July 2010. Hemoglobin characterization was done by alkaline buffer electrophoresis and the blood types ABO-Rhesus (Rh) D by immuno-hematological methods. A Hb variant was detected in 37.0% of the schoolchildren. Among them, the AS trait accounted for 11.9% and the AC trait for 20.2%. Homozygous Hb S (HBB: c.20A>T) was not found but Hb C (HBB: c.19G>A) appeared at a frequency of 3.3%, while compound heterozygotes carrying Hb SC were seen at a frequency of 1.6%. The O, B and A blood groups accounted for 49.0, 26.8 and 21.9%, respectively. The Hb anomalies reached a high prevalence in this school population. These results are remarkable by the absence of homozygous Hb S individuals compared to homozygous Hb C individuals, which were as numerous as expected. The frequencies of the ABO blood groups are similar to what has been found in other West African populations.

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