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This paper proposes a method for the economic evaluation of an autonomous independent network of distributed energy resources. There are existing proposals for such networks; the system that we are proposing and analyzing in this study is called Microgrid. Microgrid is a new framework of power delivery system that is formed by small, modular generation systems connected to each other to create a small autonomous grid. This paper estimates the total costs to consumers in a Microgrid with optimized operation of distributed generators and energy storage systems. This estimation includes not only installation and operation costs but also the additional expenses to construct the Microgrid itself. In addition, power interruption costs are also taken into account to consider the reliability enhancement created by the Microgrid. The paper attempts to determine whether or not it is economical for consumers to form this kind of autonomous independent network.

Background and purpose: Mental health has emerged as an important public health concern in recent years. With a high proportion of children and adolescents affected by mental disorders, it is important to ensure that they are provided with proper care and treatment. With the goal of sharing the activities and good practices on child and adolescent mental health promotion, care, and treatment in Japan and the Philippines, the National Center for Global Health and Medicine conducted a training program on the promotion of mental health focused on treatment and care in Japan and the Philippines in September and November 2019. Key highlights: The training program comprised of a series of lectures, site visits, and round table discussions in Japan and the Philippines. The lectures and site visits focused on the current situation of child and adolescent psychiatry, diagnosis of childhood mental disorders, abuse, health financing for mental disorders, pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and disaster child psychiatry in both countries. Round table discussions provided an opportunity to explore the similarities and differences between the two countries in terms of the themes discussed during the lectures. The training program identified the need to collaborate with other professionals to improve the diagnosis of mental disorders in children and adolescents and to increase the workforce capable of addressing mental health issues among children and adolescents. It also emphasized the importance of cooperation between government efforts during and after disasters to ensure that affected children and their families are provided with the care and support that they need.

SASOWS appears to be a reliable, valid, and useful scale to measure social activities specific for older women requiring support. Future studies should continue to examine the items and usefulness of this scale.

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