We performed X-ray fluorescence holography measurements on a Pb(Fe 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 (PFN) multiferroic material in order to investigate the temperature dependence of three dimensional local structure around Fe atoms. It was found that the atomic image intensity of the nearest neighbor Pb atom abruptly decreases when the temperature becomes lower than the Néel temperature (T N ) of about 150 K, while the intensity of the atomic image at nearest Fe/Nb position remains almost unchanged. These observations show that the magnetic transition at T N induces static positional shifts of Pb atoms but does not strongly influence the Fe/Nb atoms, which suggests the involvement of Pb ions into the superexchange interaction between Fe ions and its contribution to the spin-lattice coupling in PFN.

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