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Currently, in the Russian Federation there is a tendency towards a decrease in the content of organic substance in the soil and its acidification. It is impossible to stop these processes without applying organic fertilizers and calcium containing ameliorants. Their effect on the soil properties depends on the edaphoclimatic conditions. In order to study the effect of fertilizers and ameliorants on the fertility of leached chernozem in the forest-steppe zone of the Central Black Earth zone of the Voronezh region in 2018 – field experiments were conducted. The results showed that prolonged application of mineral fertilizers led to the acidification of the soil both against the background of exposure to organic substances and liming. Reliming calcification of the leached chernozem contributed to a noticeable decrease in soil acidity (pHKCl increased by 0.7-1.0, Hr decreased by 2.1-2.9 mg-Eq/100 g of soil, the content of exchange forms of calcium and magnesium increased to 26.2-26.9 mg-Eq/100 g of soil). Some optimization of the acidity of the soil was also observed even with the reapplication of manure. The calcification of the soil led to the optimization of its fractional-group composition of humus.

Organic farming (OF), which is being actively introduced in Russia, cannot be an alternative to intensive agriculture and, because of its inherent unsolvable problems and non-compliance with the laws of agriculture, will not become such an alternative. OF will not provide for compliance with the Law of Return, and its productivity will be limited by the Law of Minimum. OF always will be accompanied by the shortage of phosphorus and potassium. OF introduction will not provide environmentally "clean" products. Moreover, it will be unable to produce enough products for the population of Russia. The claim of OF proponents that natural ores, which are supposed to compensate for nutrient removal, are safe is unsubstantiated. Indeed, why is a chemical element from a mineral fertilizer dangerous, whereas the same from a natural ore is safe? Can the properties of the element change so dramatically? They can, according to OF proponents logics, which thus denies the laws of Nature and science. The symbiotic rhizobia use 20.17 MJ to produce one mole of nitrogen, whereas technical nitrogen is obtained at the cost of 1.56 MJ, i.e. the latter is 12.93 times cheaper in energy terms. Therefore, the argument that OF provides for "gratuitous" nitrogen is false.

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